Common emotional and behavioral disorders in （常见的情感和行为障碍）.pdfVIP

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 47:3/4 (2006), pp 313–337 doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01618.x Common emotional and behavioral disorders in preschool children: presentation, nosology, and epidemiology Helen Link Egger and Adrian Angold Center for Developmental Epidemiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Duke University Medical Center, USA We review recent research on the presentation, nosology and epidemiology of behavioral and emotional psychiatric disorders in preschool children (children ages 2 through 5 years old), focusing on the five most common groups of childhood psychiatric disorders: attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, op- positional defiant and conduct disorders, anxiety disorders, and depressive disorders. We review the various approaches to classifying behavioral and emotional dysregulation in preschoolers and deter- mining the boundaries between normative variation and clinically significant presentations. While highlighting the limitations of the current DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for identifying preschool psycho- pathology and reviewing alternative diagnostic approaches, we also present evidence supporting the reliability and validity of developmentally appropriate criteria for diagnosing psychiatric disorders in children as young as two years old. Despite the relative lack of research on preschool psychopathology compared with studies of the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in older children, the current evidence now shows quite convincingly that the rates of the common child psychiatric disorders and the patterns of comorbidity among them