李彤《软件工程》教学课件ch23.pptVIP

23.3 Test case design Involves designing the test cases (inputs and outputs) used to test the system. The goal of test case design is to create a set of tests that are effective in validation and defect testing. Design approaches: Requirements-based testing; Partition testing; Structural testing. 23.3.1 Requirements based testing A general principle of requirements engineering is that requirements should be testable. Requirements-based testing is a validation testing technique where you consider each requirement and derive a set of tests for that requirement. LIBSYS requirements LIBSYS tests 23.3.2 Partition testing Input data and output results often fall into different classes where all members of a class are related. Each of these classes is an equivalence partition or domain where the program behaves in an equivalent way for each class member. Test cases should be chosen from each partition. Equivalence partitioning Equivalence partitions Search routine specification procedure Search (Key : ELEM ; T: SEQ of ELEM; Found : in out BOOLEAN; L: in out ELEM_INDEX) ; Pre-condition -- the sequence has at least one element T’FIRST = T’LAST Post-condition -- the element is found and is referenced by L ( Found and T (L) = Key) or -- the element is not in the array ( not Found and not (exists i, T’FIRST = i = T’LAST, T (i) = Key )) Inputs which conform to the pre-conditions. Inputs where a pre-condition does not hold. Inputs where the key element is a member of the array. Inputs where the key element is not a member of the array. Search routine - input partitions Testing guidelines (sequences) Test software with sequences which have only a single value. Use sequences of different sizes in different tests. Derive tests so that the first, middle and last elements of the sequence are accessed. Test with sequences of zero length. Search routine - input partitions Sometime called white-box testing. Derivation of test cases according to program structur