Fouling of Heat Transfer Surfaces - InTech（InTech传热表面的污垢的哲理）.pdf

20 20 Fouling of Heat Transfer Surfaces Mostafa M. Awad Mansoura University, Faculty of Engineering, Mech. Power Eng. Dept., Egypt 1. Introduction Fouling is generally defined as the accumulation and formation of unwanted materials on the surfaces of processing equipment, which can seriously deteriorate the capacity of the surface to transfer heat under the temperature difference conditions for which it was designed. Fouling of heat transfer surfaces is one of the most important problems in heat transfer equipment. Fouling is an extremely complex phenomenon. Fundamentally, fouling may be characterized as a combined, unsteady state, momentum, mass and heat transfer problem with chemical, solubility, corrosion and biological processes may also taking place. 1 It has been described as the major unresolved problem in heat transfer . According to many [1-3], fouling can occur on any fluid-solid surface and have other adverse effects besides reduction of heat transfer. It has been recognized as a nearly universal problem in design and operation, and it affects the operation of equipment in two ways: Firstly, the fouling layer has a low thermal conductivity. This increases the resistance to heat transfer and reduces the effectiveness of heat exchangers. Secondly, as deposition occurs, the cross sectio