工业微生物酸胁迫的耐受机制及改造途径.PDFVIP

生 物 工 程 学 报 郝小明 等/工业微生物酸胁迫的耐受机制及改造途径 1151 Chinese Journal of Biotechnology /cjbcn August 25, 2015, 31(8): 1151−1161 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.140496 ©2015 Chin J Biotech, All rights reserved 综 述 工业微生物酸胁迫的耐受机制及改造途径 1,2 1,2 1,2 郝小明 ，陈博 ，安泰 1 中粮营养健康研究院有限公司，北京 102209 2 国家能源生物液体燃料研发 (实验) 中心，北京 100020 郝小明, 陈博, 安泰. 工业微生物酸胁迫的耐受机制及改造途径. 生物工程学报, 2015, 31(8): 1151– 1161. Hao XM, Chen B, An T. Pathway modification of industrial microorganisms to improve acid-stress tolerance. Chin J Biotech, 2015, 31(8): 1151–1161. 摘 要: 工业微生物在发酵生产过程中会面对发酵环境和自身产生的各类酸性物质，而这些酸性物质会影响 工业微生物的生长和代谢，即产生酸胁迫。微生物通过调控胞内质子浓度、保护和修复生物大分子、改变细胞 膜组分以及整体水平调控等耐受机制来应对酸胁迫。结合酸胁迫的各种耐受机制，利用自然筛选和人工改造的 方法提高工业微生物的抗酸胁迫能力，为构建出更能适应工业生产条件的菌株提供理论依据。 关键词: 工业微生物，酸胁迫，耐受机制，改造途径，菌株改造 Pathway modification of industrial microorganisms to improve acid-stress tolerance Xiaoming Hao1,2, Bo Chen1,2, and Tai An1,2 1 Nutrition Health Research Institute, COFCO Corporation, Beijing 102209, China 2 National Energy Research Center of Liquid Biofuels, Beijing 100020, China Abstract: Different types of acids from fermentation environment or industrial microorganisms exist during fermentation process. Acids may inhibit growth and metabolism of industrial strains, namely acid stress. The tolerance mechanisms of acid stress include regulation of intracellular proton concentration, protection and restoration of intracellular macromolecules, changes in cell membrane composition and acid stress response at whole cell level. Screening and Received: October 21, 2014; Accepted: March 23, 2015 Supported by: National Basic Research Program of China