美国黑人戏剧 ppt.ppt

美国黑人戏剧African-American Drama 英语语言文学 origin representative playwrights theme development African-American Drama African American theatre began with victims of the slave trade from western Africa, who retained many of their performance traditions, such as ensemble improvisation（即兴创作）, in the New World. Origin Black characters in early white plays were always played by whites in black make-up. Early performances were carried out on plantations and in homes, and ultimately had a wide influence on American culture, first demonstrated in the creation of minstrel shows(黑人剧） in the 1820s and 1830s. William Wells Brown （1814-1884） 威廉·威尔斯·布朗 《逃亡》（1858） ——黑人写的第一部剧本问世，是一部揭露蓄奴制罪恶的戏。 比白人汤姆斯·戈弗雷的《安息王子》（1759）晚了一个世纪 1.In the 1920s 开端 2.In the 1930s and 1940s 有一定发展 3.In the 1950s 划时代意义 4.In the 1960s 蓬勃发展 5.In the 1970s and 1980s 新发展 The development of African American Drama： After the First World War, Northern cities – New York, Philadelphia, Washington, Chicago became crowded with Southern blacks in search of work and better lives. Some small theatre groups specializing in black-written plays briefly thrived, for the 1920s were the first major period of black playwriting. 1.In the 1920s——美国黑人戏剧的开端 In the booming 1920s, New York’s Harlem became the North’s largest African American community, and attracted so many artists that its creative ferment has come to be known as the ‘Harlem Renaissance’. （哈莱姆文艺复兴） --a literary movement launched by the black writers who gathered at the black neighborhood—Harlem from 1920 to 1940; --The chief leader was Langston Hughes（兰斯顿·休斯）; --marked a turning point for African American literature. --Garland Anderson 加兰·安德森 His full-length courtroom drama Appearances (1925) 《貌相》 --the first non-musical black-written plays to reach Broadway stages. 百老汇上演的第一个由黑人写的戏剧。 描写无辜的黑人受诬告的故事。 --In 1923，there appeared the first African American theater. Wallace Thurman 华莱·瑟曼 --第一个专为百老汇剧院写反映黑人生活剧本的作家。 Harlem《哈莱姆》1929年在百老汇上演 描写从南方卡莱纳移居哈莱姆的黑人威廉斯一家的悲惨遭遇，揭