PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING - World Bank（公共部门会计世界银行）.pdf

PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING A. Institutional Framework for Public Sector Accounting 5. The institutional framework should include adherence to IFAC-issued International Accounting Standards. And it should support the groundwork for qualifi ed accounting staff to provide the timely, relevant, and reliable fi nancial information needed to support all fi scal and budget management, decision- making, and reporting processes. The diagnostic questionnaires that were used in this assessment collected information on the current arrangements and the apparent gaps in Maldives for accounting laws and regulations; education and training of public sector accountants; application of a code of conduct; and numbers and characteristics of public sector accountants. (1) Accounting Laws and Regulations 6. The Public Finance Act and the Financial Regulations are prescriptive about the maintenance and compilation of accounts but make no mention of International Accounting Standards. The Public Finance Act (see Annex C) should require conformance with International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS). However, under the Public Finance Act, there are proposed rules that would promulgate the allowance of IPSAS to be followed. The future accounts should be based on Cash Basis IPSAS with notes providing other information on assets, liabilities, and contingent liabilities as required by the Public Finance Act. Progression to accrual-based statements would occur as adequate computerized accounting systems are rolled out. 7. A modern fi nancial reporting framework is required for better accountability. The accounting function has been located in the Treasury. However, this has not provided a good separation of duties among departments. As new computerized public accounting systems are implemented, more suitable accounting units must be established, preferably in the ministries. Producing annu