高一化学必修一知识点txt版（High chemistry requires a knowledge point, TXT Edition）.docVIP

高一化学必修一知识点txt版（High chemistry requires a knowledge point, TXT Edition） Required 1 basic knowledge From experimental chemistry Chemical experiment safety 1, (1) the test of poisonous gas should be carried out in the ventilated kitchen, and attention should be paid to the proper treatment of exhaust gas (absorption or ignition, etc.). When conducting inflammable and explosive gas experiments, it should be observed that the tail gas should be burned or properly treated. (2) burn should be treated by a doctor. (3) concentrated acid sprinkled on the experimental table, first with Na2CO3 (or NaHCO3) neutralization, and then washed clean with water. Concentrated acid stained on the skin, it should be wiped with a dry cloth, and then rinse with water. Concentrated acid splash in the eye should be diluted with dilute NaHCO3 solution, and then ask the doctor to deal with. (4) concentrated alkali on the experimental table, first dilute with acetic acid neutralization, and then washed clean with water. Concentrated alkali on the skin, it should first flush with a large amount of water, and then coated with boric acid solution. Concentrated alkali splash in the eye, rinse with water and then rinse with boric acid solution. (5) sodium, phosphorus and other fires should be covered with sand. (6) a small area of alcohol and other flammable organic matter is caught fire. It should be quickly washed with a damp cloth. Two. Separation and purification of mixtures Separation and purification methods, separation of substances, matters needing attention, application examples The filter for separating a solid-liquid mixed paste, two low, three by such as salt purification Distillation purification or separation of liquid mixtures of different boiling points to prevent liquid bumping, the mercury thermometer is the position of the ball, the flow of water condensation distillation distillation such as oil such as oil The different solubility of solute in extraction using immiscible solvent,