天津医科大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析.pdfVIP

中国考博辅导首选学校 天津医科大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析 Until about five years ago, the very idea that peptide hormones might be made anywhere in the brain besides the hypothalamus was astounding. Peptide hormones, scientists thought, were made by endocrine glands and thehypothalamus was thought tobe thebrains’ only endocrine gland. What ismore, because peptide hormones cannot cross the blood-brain barrier, researchers believed that they never got to any part of the brain other than the hypothalamus, where they were simply produced and then released into the bloodstream. But thesebeliefs about peptide hormoneswere questioned as Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen t j q jie x qing lian x quan guo mian fe z xun dian hua: s ling ling liu liuba liu jiu q ba ,huo jiaz xun qq:q q er liuq bawu sanq laboratoryafter laboratory found that antiserums to peptide hormones, when injected intothebrain,bind inplacesotherthanthehypothalamus, indicating that either the hormones or substances that cross-react with the antiserumsarepresent.The immunologicalmethodofdetectingpeptide hormones by means of antiserums, however, is imprecise. Cross-reactionsarepossibleandthismethodcannotdeterminewhether the substances detected by the antiserums really are the hormones, or merely close relatives. Furthermore, this method cannot be used to determine the location in the body where the detected substances are actually produced. New techniques of molecular biology, however, provide a way to answerthesequestions. Itispossible tomake specificcomplementary 中国考博辅导首选学校 DNA’s (cDNA’s) that can serve as molecular probes seek out the messenger RNA’s (mRNA’s) of the peptide hormones. If brain cells aremaking thehormones, thecellswill contain thesemRNA’s. Ifthe products the brain cells make resemble the hormones but are not identicaltothem,thenthecDNA’sshouldstillbindtothesemR