物理名家10（Physics expert 10）.docVIP

物理名家10（Physics expert 10） Ampere (Amp re, Andr -Marie) Ampere (Amp re, Andr -Marie, 1775 - 1836) was a French physicist and mathematician. Born in January 22, 1775 in Lyon, a merchant family. His father arranged for him to study in accordance with his own wishes. He was intelligent, studious, and had a remarkable memory, especially an extraordinary gift for mathematics. I studied calculus at the age of 12, and published a paper on the spiral at the age of 13. At the age of 18, in addition to Latin, he was well versed in Italian and greek. He not only studies mathematics, but also studies physics and chemistry. In chemistry, he first foresaw that chlorine, fluorine, and iodine were the three elements, and found A Fugaderos law independently. The most important contribution of ampere is in electromagnetics. In July 1820, OE discovered the magnetic effect of the electric current. The French scientist Arago in August to hear the news in early September in Switzerland, returned to France immediately to the French Academy of Sciences reported the latest findings. He was good at accepting new research results and, with great interest, reworked his experiments in second days, and submitted his first paper to the French Academy on 18 September to report his results. Then, in September 25th and October 9th, second papers and third experimental papers were presented. In the three papers, including the right direction of the current and the magnetic deflection direction relation; with straight current attract each other, different to the linear current mutual exclusion; magnetic and magnetic equivalent solenoid, etc.. Ampere and took two or three months for the further study of the interaction between the current and the ingenious experiments and his superb mathematical skills together, through four clever experiments and obtained important conclusion, that is: the reverse current in a wire, they produce the role