国民小学天然灾害风险评价之研究以土石流洪水地震为例.PDF

國民小學天然災害風險評估之研究 ─以土石流、洪水、地震為例 The study for natural disaster risk assessment of the elementary schools─A case of the debris flow, flood, and earthquake ＊ ＊＊ ＊＊＊ ＊＊＊ Wen-Ray Su Yuan-Fan Tsai Li-Wei Lin Yi-Zen CHEN Abstract After the Chi-Chi Earthquake, the natural disasters such as debris flows and floods occur more frequently in Taiwan, and these disasters usually threaten the safe of elementary schools. Due to assessing and evaluating the risk of disasters by single disaster is insufficient and incomplete; this study combines the disasters of debris flows, floods, and earthquakes to get the score of the risk. The risk assessment is based on the occurrence of the potential hazard and the losses of the elementary schools. The degree of the disaster hazard is according to the potential scale and the frequency. The losses of the elementary schools calculate from three data which are the empirical depth-damage curve, the numbers of students and average expenditure of per student. Finally, the Geographic Information System is used to analyze and map the risk of all elementary schools in Taiwan. The results reveal that the elementary schools in Nantou have the higher grade of debris-flow risk. Besides, the counties which have higher degree of flood risk are Kaohsiung, Pingtung and Hualien, and have higher risk of earthquake are Tainan, Chiayi and Hualien. There is only one school may be struck by the three kinds of disasters at the same time, but its risk of the three disasters are low degree. There are 359 elementary schools may be struck by two disasters. Finally, we hope that the risk map can be applied to prevent disaster of elementary schools. ： Keyword