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元素 素材（二） 素材 Bengbu college . The Department of Mechanics and Electronics Engineering .w.p_chen * 例：11.1 解： F M SFy= 0 SMO= 0 DF DA s t = 1N 1m2 y x O (11.1) lim Dt→0 p 2 # xyz F F p2 Fmax F3 2 2 A ∫ A s p 4 a° 30° A 解得： ∵ ∴ e 由 sbs A + - Me 1 2 1 2 x12 2 smin smax Dl1= Dl3= E3A3 E1A1 Flcos2a 2cos3a + F 1+2 cos3a E1A1 E3A3 dx g dj dx ∫ A dj dx ∫ A A S j l ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ D≥ D 2 l (0xl) (0≤x≤ l) y x M EI ml i scr = l ≥ F FN A t s s P b sa tb p s” s’ y x O sxy txy α s s A y x m m l sxy txy α ta y x n s t O 2 α 2 0 α O y x z y x z FD 2 + - A F F s s A A tb sa sb ta Fig7.1 d σ’ σ” m p m n n l x F=p πD2 4 D d s’ D p FN FN y z j dj d d s” n l n m m p s” Fig7.2 A s s A s1 s3 s2 A F Fig7.3 p F s s s Fig7.4 y x n α sy tyx sy tyx sx txy sx txy f e a y x f e a n α tyx sy sx txy f e a sy tyx sx txy n α α t f e a α dA dAsina dAcosa Fig7.5 Fig7.6 f a 75MPa 40MPa 25MPa x α0 s1 s3 τ τ 45° s3 s3 s1 s1 T T Fig7.7 B1 A 70MPa 50MPa txy x s3 s1 27.5° t s l a m m Fig7.8 q Fig7.9 y x txy sx sy n α sa ta y x txy sx sy s2 s1 α 0 s t O B B1 A A1 G2 G1 C D D’ E F txy s2 s1 sy sx tyx 2 α 2 0 α Fig7.10 y x 40MPa 80MPa 60MPa s1 s3 α 0 s t O D’ D C A1 B1 s1 s3 2 0 α Fig7.11 p b y x t s s3 s1 α 0 s t O D’ D C B1 A1 s txy s3 s1 Fig7.12 z O y x tzy tzx sz sx tyz txy tyz tyx sy Fig7.19 s2 dz dy dx s1 s3 Fig7.20 F p p Fig7.21 y x t s3 s1 45° Fig7.22 s s1 p s2 s1 F F Fig7.23 t s O O3 O1 O2 N F M’ M L T L’ s3 [sc] s3 s1 [st] Fig7.27 9kN 1m B A 1m 1m 4kN 80 b 20 20 120 52 s t t Fig7.28 2a Fig7.29 s O y x z s2 s3 s3 s2 s1 s1 C B A O y x z C B A s2 s1 n pz py px O y x z n p sn tn Fig7.13 l y y z 50 150 50 150 z1 y’ o z0 Fig8.1 Fig8.5 F F F F M M M F F M s” s’ s s’ 30° W C B A x Fig8.3 B A W FRAy FRAx Fy Fx F x W B A FN M Fy Fx F C 12kN.m x 40kN C B 2500 W D A 1500 800 Fig8.4 x y O O z e F yF zF q x y O O z F FN MY Mz Fig8.5 y y z y O ay az D2 D1 z yF zF A B z y O yF zF A s r C p q Fig8.7 Fig8.8 Fig8.10 h b b/6 D C B A h/6 d c a b z y r A a z y O Fig8.11 r/4 C B A l a b D d y x z E C B A l a b F Fr Me l