测距三角高程中垂线偏差问题.pdf

26 1 V ol . 26, N o. 1 1997 2 ACT A GE O DA ET ICA et CAR T O GR AP HICA SI NI CA Feb . , 1997 张赤军 ( , 430077 ON VERTICAL DEFLECTION IN RANGE TRIGONOMETRIC LEVELING Zhang Chijun ( I nstitute of Geod esy and Geop hysics, Chinese A cademy of Sciences, W uhan 4 30077 - [ 1] . Abstract GP S R ang e tr igo nometr ic leveling is a bett er metho d u sed in r ef inement o f geo id T he main er r or influences in r ang e trigo no metr ic leveling com e fr om atmo spheric r efraction ( it w ill be discu ssed in ano ther paper and v ert ical deflection . T he influence of the later sho uld no t be ne- glected par ticular ly in mountain f ields . and it is analy sed in this paper , t hat the ver tical deflect ion and its er r or w hich ar e co mputed w it h gr av ity anomaly and to po gr aphic data a re discu ssed . T he 1 . , precisio n less than of it s cor rection may be achiev ed by the mentio ned method In addition the gr av ity cor rection o f o rt hometr ic height and no rm al height calculated by u se of to po gr aphic data ar e intro duced . Key wordsR ang e tr ig onomet ric leveling , V ert ical deflect ion , Gr avity, T o po gr aphy [ 1] 　GP S 测距三角高程是精化大地水准面的一种很好方法 , 然而影响测距三角高程的误差 源主要 自大气折射( 如何减弱它将在另文讨论 和垂线偏差, 后者在山区的影响更不可忽视。本 文将对这 一问题作 一分析, 同时讨论了利用重力、地形数据确定垂线偏差及其误差, 并指出只要按 此方法计算, 其改正项的精度可以满足不大于1″的要求。此外, 还介绍了用地形高代替重力 计算 正高、正常高中的重力改正问题。 　测距三角高程　垂线偏差　重力　地形 1928 ,