Combustion properties of biomass PBworks（燃烧生物质,PBworks的属性）.pdf

Fuel Processing Technology 54 1998 17–46 Combustion properties of biomass B.M. Jenkins a, , L.L. Baxter b , T.R. Miles Jr. c , T.R. Miles c a Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Uniersity of California, Dais, CA, USA b Sandia National Laboratories, Liermore, CA, USA c Thomas R. Miles Consulting Engineers, Portland, OR, USA Abstract Properties of biomass relevant to combustion are briefly reviewed. The compositions of biomass among fuel types are variable, especially with respect to inorganic constituents important to the critical problems of fouling and slagging. Alkali and alkaline earth metals, in combination with other fuel elements such as silica and sulfur, and facilitated by the presence of chlorine, are responsible for many undesirable reactions in combustion furnaces and power boilers. Reductions in the concentrations of alkali metals and chlorine, created by leaching the elements from the fuel with water, yield remarkable improvements in ash fusion temperatures and confirm much of what is suggested regarding the nature of fouling by biomass fuels. Other influences of biomass composition are observed for the rates of combustion and pollutant emissions. Standardized engineering practices setting out protocols of analysis and interpretation may prove useful in reducing unfavorable impacts and industry costs, and further development is encouraged. 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. Keywords: Biomass; Alkali; Silica; Slagging; Fouling; Energy 1. Introduction The conversion of solar energy by plant photosynthesis yields the food energy supporting animal life on earth. Plant matter, or biomass, has also long served as one of the primary energy forms utilized by humans for essential activities aside from nutrition. It will