Material indices Vrije Universiteit Brussel（sccp材料指数布鲁塞尔）.pdfVIP

Previous Page Material indices Introduction The performance, p , of a component is measured by a performance equation. The performance equation contains groups of material properties. These groups are the material indices. Sometimes the ‘group’ is a single property; thus if the performance of a beam is measured by its stiffness, the performance equation contains only one property, the elastic modulus E . It is the material index for this problem. More commonly the performance equation contains a group of two or more properties. Familiar examples are the specific stiffness, E l p , and the specific strength, (where E is Young’s modulus, cyis the yield strength or elastic limit, and p is the density), but there are many others. They are a key to the optimal selection of materials. Details of the method, with numerous examples are given in references [ I ] and [2]. PC-based software systems [3] which implement the method are available. This Appendix compiles indices for a range of common applications. Uses of material indices Material selection Components have functions: to carry loads safely, to transmit heat, to store energy, to insulate, and so forth. Each function has an associated material index. Materials with high values of the appropriate index maximize that aspect of the performance of the component. For reasons given in reference [l],the material index is generally independent of the details of the design. Thus the indices for beams in the tables which follow are independent of the detailed shape of the beam; that for minimizing thermal distortion of precision instruments is independent of the configuration of the instrument. This gives them great generality. Material deployment or substitution A new material will have pot