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PUBLISHED BY THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES CENTER Line Pigging By Zane Satterfield, P. E., NESC Engineering Scientist Summary Line pigging is an internal pipe-cleaning process used to remove biofilms or other foreign matter from the inside of water pipes. If performed correctly, line pigging will renew the flow rates to restricted piping systems and reduce pumping pressures. This Tech Brief discusses some of the techniques and processes used in cleaning waterlines in distributions systems. Line Pigging Pigs range in size from 2- to 48-inches in Line pigging (or line swabbing, as it sometimes diameter and can be made to order in varying known), is the process of cleaning distribution lengths, styles, and configurations for specific lines by inserting a small device known as a applications. Not only are pigs used for clean- pig into the lines and pushing it through ing but also for inspecting the inside of them. The term “pigging” originated in the gas pipelines and determining interior dimensions. and oil industry, where metal discs connected Is pigging waterlines really necessary? by a rod were moved through the oil pipelines to remove buildup of paraffin wax on the States and municipalities typically do not internal wall of the pipe. The action of metal require regular pigging or swabbing of distri- on metal made a squealing noise like a pig bution lines in water systems. Some may only and the name stuck. More and more, pigs are require pigging after initial construction of a being used to cl