动词ing作状语和典型练习题.docVIP

Book 4 Unit 4 Grammar动词-ing作状语动词-ing或语短语可以在句子中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。动名词作状语，其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。动名词作状语时，可以单独使用，也可以在其前加上when，while，after，if，unless，although，though等连词。1. 作时间状语Hearing this news, she got frightened. 听到这个消息，她感到害怕。While reading the book, she nodded from time to time. 当她看书的时候，不时地点头。Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.??????2. 作结果状语The boy ran even faster，reaching the school out of breath. 那个男孩跑得更快了，到达学校时累得上气不接下气了。His father died, leaving him a lot of money.?? She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.3. 作伴随状语He stood by the window, watching people passing by his window. 他站在窗前，望着来来往往的人们。They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.??? Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.4. 作原因状语Being a student, I must study hard. 作为一名学生，我必须努力学习。Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him.?????? Being so excited, Many of us couldn’t go to sleep that night.???5. 作让步状语Having lived here for four years, I am not familiar with my neighbors. 虽然我在这儿住了四年，我对邻居们都还不熟悉。Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.????6. 作条件状语Heating water, we can change it into vapor. 把水加热，我们可以将其变为水蒸汽。Working in his small room, he made three pairs of shoes every day. 在他的小房间里工作，每天做三双鞋。7. 作目的状语He stayed up late into the night, attempting to pass the entrance exam. 他晚上睡得很晚，想通过考试。注意：当动名词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时，应该使用完成式：having done.Having finished his homework, he rushed out to play basketball.Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格当动名词与句子的主语之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系时，根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如：Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. ??被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。Being helped by the teacher, she will learn English well.动名词作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。Rushing into the dining-room, I found super was waiting for.Rushing into the dining-room, supper was waiting for me.（错）Being a student, he was interested in books