从属关系之名词性从句.ppt

名词性从句 Noun clause Subject clause （主语从句） Object clause (宾语从句) Predict clause (表语从句) Appositive clause (同位语从句) Subject clause What we lack is experience. How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. Subject clause That she will succeed is certain. It is certain that she will succeed. It is a mystery how the prisoner escaped. Subject clause 但是如以下几句就不可以用形式主语it: What you lack is experience. Whatever the parents do will have a certain effect on their children. 这样的引导词还有whoever, whichever. Noun clause Subject clause （主语从句） Object clause (宾语从句) Predict clause (表语从句) Appositive clause (同位语从句) Object clause I wish (that) she would understand me. He ordered that we should start at once. I don’t know what she has bought for Father’s birthday. Object clause Whether he can succeed depend on how we cooperate. He differed from his colleagues in that he devoted his spare time to reading. Object clause I am afraid （that） I’ve made a mistake. We are not sure whether we can persuade him out of smoking. Noun clause Subject clause （主语从句） Object clause (宾语从句) Predict clause (表语从句) Appositive clause (同位语从句) Predict clause It seems that (as if ) it is going to rain. This is how Jane lives. The reason why (/that) he was dismissed is that he was careless and irresponsible. seem, be, look, remain… Noun clause Subject clause （主语从句） Object clause (宾语从句) Predict clause (表语从句) Appositive clause (同位语从句) Appositive clause 同位语从句用于对名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容 Appositive clause The news that we are invited to the conference is very encouraging. There arose a question where we could get the loan. 定从中的that既代替先行词，同时又在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），that作宾语时常可省略； The proposal that he put forward is to be discussed at the meeting.（定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） 同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分，that一般不可省（但the fact that中, that有时可省） The proposal that we should import more equipment from abroad is to be discussed at the meeting. (同位语从句，that不做成分） 定语从句 V.S.同位语从句 定从是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对它加以限定，描述它的性质或特征； 同从等同于先行词，是名词性的，其功能