dicer调节生殖功能的研究进展.pdfVIP

Hereditas (Beijing) 2016 年 7 月, 38(7): 612―622 综 述 Dicer 调节生殖功能的研究进展 1 2 2 符梅 ，徐克惠 ，许文明 1. 611137 2. 610041 摘要: Dicer 是微小非编码 RNA 生成的关键内切酶，介导微小 RNA(micro RNA ，miRNA)和小干扰 RNA(small interfering RNA ，siRNA) 的产生，通过 RNA 干扰(RNA interference ，RNAi)途径实现转录或转录后水平基因调 控，在调节细胞增殖、分化、凋亡等方面起重要作用。近年来 Dicer 基因在生殖领域的研究越来越受关注，最 近的研究表明 Dicer 与男性生精细胞发育、精子形成及成熟、精子活力和形态生成、卵泡发育、排卵及黄体形 成、性激素合成、输卵管功能、子宫内膜容受性等方面都有密切关系。繁衍后代需要精子和卵子的共同参与， Dicer 可能通过影响精子和卵子的数量或者质量进而导致胚胎发育异常，因此理解 Dicer 在雄性与雌性生殖的 重要调节作用对于理解生殖调节异常相关的疾病如无精子症、复发性流产等的发病机制具有重要的作用。本文 对 Dicer 在雄性生殖道与雌性生殖中的关键作用进行了综述，旨在进一步从分子层面深入理解 Dicer 与生殖相 关疾病的关系。 关键词: miRNA ；Dicer ；精子生成；卵母细胞；胚胎发育；基因多态性 Research advances of Dicer in regulating reproductive function 2 1 1 Mei Fu , Kehui Xu , Wenming Xu 1. Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, SCU-CUHK; Key Laboratory of Obstetric Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; 2. Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China Abstract: Dicer, an RNAse III endonuclease, is critical for the biogenesis of small noncoding RNAs (microRNAs), in- cluding the biogenesis of microRNAs and small interfering RNAs, which transcriptionally and post-transcription ally regu- late mRNA expression through binding to target mRNA and leading to subsequent mRNA degradation. Recent studies show that Dicer plays important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. It has been attracted more and more at- tention in the reproductive field. In the male reproduction field, mouse model shows that Dicer is critical for the develop- ment of spermatogenic cell, sperm maturation, sperm motility and morphology. On the other hand, Dicer is