Calculation of Electrical Energy UFBA（计算电能UFBA）.pdf

Calculation of Electrical Energy Energy On we dealt with power arid noted that power is the rate at which energy is transferred from one place to another or from one form to another The formula that links energy and power is: Energy = Power x Time. The unit of energy is the joule, the unit of power is the watt, and the unit of time is the second. If we know the power in watts of an appliance and how many seconds it is used we can calculate the number of joules of electrical energy which have been converted to sortie other form. E.g. If a 40 watt lamp is turned on for one hour, how many joules of electrical energy have been converted by the lamp? Energy (w) = Power x Time Energy = 40 x 3600 = 14,400 joules Note: if an appliance has a rating of one watt it means it converts one joule of electrical energy to some other form every second. Because the joule is such a small unit, quantities of energy are often given in kilojoules. I.e, thousands of joules. Therefore the above answer could be written as 14.4 kJ. The Kilowatt Hour (kWh) Because the joule is so small, electrical energy supplied to consumers is bought by the UNIT. The UNIT is the kilowatt hour (kWh). One kilowatt hour is the amount of energy that would be converted by a one thousand watt appliance when used for one hour Example A consumer uses a 6 kW immersion heater, a 4 kW electric stove and three 100 watt lamps for 10 hours. How many units (kWh) of electrical energy have been converted. Total power in kilowatts = 6 + 4 + 300/1000. = 10.3kW