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Calculations of Solution Concentration (溶液浓度的计算)
Calculations of Solution Concentration
California State Standard: Students know how to calculate the concentration of a solute in terms of grams per
liter, molarity, parts per million, and percent composition.
Molarity describes the concentration of a solution in moles of solute divided by liters of solution.
Masses of solute must first be converted to moles using the molar mass of the solute. This is the most
widely used unit for concentration when preparing solutions in chemistry and biology. The units of
molarity, mol/L, are usually represented by a scripted capital “M”. Calculate the concentration, in
moles of solute per liter of solution, of each of the following:
Example:
10 grams of NaOH is dissolved in enough water to make 2 L of solution
Step #1 - Convert grams of solute to moles of solute:
10g NaOH 1mol NaOH
0.250 mol NaOH
40 g NaOH
Step #2 – Divide moles of solute by liters of solution:
0.250 mol NaOH
0.125M NaOH
2 L
1) 20 grams of NaOH is dissolved in enough water to make 1 liter of solution
2) 45 grams of glucose, C H O is dissolved in enough water to make 0.500 liters of solution
6 12 6
3) 116 grams of KF is dissolved in enough water to make 4 L of solution
4) 63 grams of HNO3 is dissolved in enough water to make 100 liters of solution
5) 280 grams of CaO is dissolved in enough water to make 10 L of solution
Percent composition is the ratio of one part of solute to one hundred parts of solution and is
expressed as a percent. Determine the mass of solute and solution and then divide the mass of the
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