Chapter 1 Relativity I, Solutions of selected （第1章相对论我,所选择的解决方案）.pdf

Chapter 1 Relativity I, Solutions of selected Problems 1.1 Problem 1.10 The average lifetime of a π-meson in its own frame of reference is 2.6 × 10−8 s. (This is proper time.) If the meson moves with a speed of 0.95c, what is: (a) its mean lifetime as measured by an observer on Earth? and, (b) the average distance it travels before decaying, as measured by an observer on Earth? Solution (a) τ = γτ where τ = 2.6 × 10−8 s is the average lifetime in the pion’s frame, τ is the average lifetime as measured by an observer at rest, γ = 1/1 − β2 , and β = v/c, we then have: τ τ = 1 − β2 τ = 1 − (v )2 c 2.6 × 10−8 = 1 − (0.95)2 = 8.33 × 10−8 s 2 CHAPTER 1. RELATIVITY I, SOLUTIONS OF SELECTED PROBLEMS (b) The distance d travelled by the pions before decaying as measured by an observer at rest is obtain from the rest frame velocity and lifetime, i.e. d = vτ = 0.95 × c × τ = 0.95 × 3.0 × 108 × 8.33 × 10−8 = 24 m Physics 205:Modern Physics I, Chapter 1 Fall 2004