Unit 19 lesson 1 语法：名词性从句课件.ppt

Grammar;noun clauses;主语从句; 主语从句（Noun Clauses as the Subject）;用法：; 2) 由连词that引起的主语从句： That they are badly in need of help is quite clear. 他们急需帮助，这是十分明显的。 但是这类句子在大多数情况下会放到整个句子的后部去，而用代词it作形式主语。;引导词that与what;What is done cant be undone. (谚语)已成定局,无可挽回. What we cant get seems better than what we have. 我们得不到的东西似乎比已得到的要好. That we should work out a plan to deal with the present serious situation is important. 我们应该制定一项计划来应付目前严峻的形势,这一点非常重要. That a new teacher will come to teach us geography is true. 一位新老师将来教我们地理,这是真的.; 3) whether/if 引导的主语从句 　if和whether引导动词后的宾语从句时一般可通用,但介词后的宾语从句、主语从句(放在句首时)、表语从句常由whether引导.例如: 　　Whether she will go home or not is unknown.她是否回家还不得而知. 　　Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.我们是养鸭还是养鹅仍没决定. 　　=It remains to be decided whether/if we shall raise ducks or geese. 　　但我们不能说If we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided. 　　;; 4) whatever, whoever也可引导主语从句 Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 这里说的任何话都应当保密。 Whoever makes mistakes must correct them. 无论是谁犯了错误的人都必须改正。; 注意: 上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首, 但有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。 例如: 　　It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 她犯了这样一个错误, 真是遗憾。;这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + adj. / n. +从句 　 It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… 　 It is possible that... 很可能…… 　 It is unlikely that... 不可能…… 2) It +不及物动词+从句 　 It seems/appears that... 似乎…… 　 It happened that... 碰巧…… ;　3) It + be +过去分词+从句 　　It is said that... 据说…… 　　It is known to all that... 众所周知…… 　　It is reported that... 据报道…… 　　It is believed that... 人们相信…… 　　It is suggested that... 有人建议…… ; It must be pointed out that... 必须指出…… It has been proved that... 已证明……. 如: It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed. 相信, 至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉。; 5) . 用于It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that...句型中, 主语从句应使用虚拟语气, 谓语