_cutural_differences_in_everyday_conversation课件.ppt

Cultural Differences in Daily Conversations;Vocatives and culture ( 称呼语与文化);Section 1 Names ;;B. Chinese names : 王刚 ( 姓+ 名) There are more than 100 surnames in Chinese . However , in theory at least , any Chinese character can be adopted as given names. So the Chinese people have a wider range of possibilities to select from when naming their children . ;;;;The naming of their babies is a personal affair of the parents， who can freely select any name of their children. However, parents select names for their children according to their moral , aesthetic, political , philosophical concepts shaped by the culture they are in . Give names, are in fact, culture rich language items.;2. Four types of common English personal names;Religious names;★2. plant of flower names Plant , especially flower, names are popular among female English speakers. And we know that many Chinese females bear flower names, too. Flowers are beauty embodied. And it is a human nature to love beauty. It is only natural for human beings, especially females, to love flowers and flower names.;★Plant of flower names;★Other natural things;★3. weapon names;★weapon names ;★4. Name of knowledge, authority, virtue, fame;★Name of knowledge, authority, virtue, fame;3. Naming Children;;Notes 1;;Chinese naming principles;The first ten popular names in the1980s;4. Origin of English surnames;4. Subordinate names隶属姓氏 -son(儿子): Robinson, Johnson，Jackson， -ing（后代）: Willing, Wilding, Golding -s（儿子）： Evans, Peters, Williams Mac, Mc(苏格兰后裔)：MacArthur, MacMillian, McDonald, O’(爱尔兰后裔)：O’Neil, O’Connel, O’Brien Fitz-(诺尔曼后裔)： Fitzgerald, Fitzjohn, Fitzwilliam 标新立异：William Yoguess Summary: 英语姓氏—不同身世和文化背景—超越时空的cultural phenomenon—living fossil（研究英语民主社会历史文化）;The first ten popular surnames; Uncle Sam;;;;5. 英、汉姓名的共同性和差异性 1. 共同性 1）英、汉姓名均具有一定的性别特征 不论在英语还是汉语中，男性的名字多数与搏斗、武器、高尚及名声等有关；女性的名字多与花、鸟等弱小动物有关。 英语中男性的名字多用Gilea (盾)，Oscar (人赐矛)，Alger (矛)，Walter (统帅)等。汉语中男性的名字多用袅、雄、义、勇、博、文等。 英语中女性的名字多用Lily (百合花)，Flora (花朵)，laura (月桂)等。汉