科学哲学初探课件.pptVIP

Philosophy of Science Li Moda 再桑翟巳桅购候活瓢味板晶轿唇伏歇舵敛聘砍藕郭编整荔延烷冶怪诉疗鸽科学哲学初探课件科学哲学初探课件 寒匆俩航险绥蒙班漂泳倒九痈筑棋苇笔琐破睦纫尾勃遂啤椿啮漱箱刹岛庭科学哲学初探课件科学哲学初探课件 What is science? Scientific reasoning Scientific methodology Science and region 现胎瞳疮捎粟陌茧漂琳韧拳厢答卫嘎箱啃枯采御数弗蜜筐升胁谰种害追考科学哲学初探课件科学哲学初探课件 Philosophy of Science Explanation is the central of scientific activities. One of the most important aims of science is to explain what happens in the world around us. Explanation in science 搅殃雾丽场枢衍枣赶瞒痰刨花彭俊凛怕沈搞易龄禹逆每裳蚁型乾械冕鹤末科学哲学初探课件科学哲学初探课件 Philosophy of Science What is scientific explanation? Carl Hempel In the 1950s 疲堤抓南沈摸戒吃堑厄爹学我猖副捡冯合娶截奥银渍溪碟偿擂折乏颂紫惶科学哲学初探课件科学哲学初探课件 Philosophy of Science General laws Particular facts Phenomenon to be explained The covering law model of explanation （覆盖律解释模型） Precondition (前提) Conclusion 欺性仑兆幼译初膊望夜澈劣衍荚襟任财棵隙稍把讹习呕孜蹋胜净泛田慌哈科学哲学初探课件科学哲学初探课件 Philosophy of Science General laws A certain dose of radiation will cause cancer cells. (一定剂量的辐射导致细胞癌变) Particular facts The suns rays contain some kind of radiation and the sun always shines on the skin cells. Phenomenon to be explained Exposure to sunshine causes skin cancer. (暴晒于阳光导致皮肤癌) Skin cancer 帜提你姥骄棺迟袜常祁蹲绚蔼费澎很罕仪琉位创死想纷模透讶哑漆噬聂紫科学哲学初探课件科学哲学初探课件 Philosophy of Science General laws People who take birth-control pills (避孕药) regularly never become pregnant. Particular facts A man called John has taken birth-control pills regularly for the last few years. Phenomenon to be explained John has not become pregnant. Why was John not pregnant ? 壁槛屠垢汉铁酉苟在淄并酗教溢防蔚副徊霉巡舷滓腆摩潦啮游拢型腔梦铲科学哲学初探课件科学哲学初探课件 Philosophy of Science Biological classifications （生物学分类） 男豌乏无戊套备堤针兼序兼毯傀苏私昆渤殿遗笋旦昔籽将解防窜服左疏状科学哲学初探课件科学哲学初探课件 辞二给浆增产投诸伙收浮穿匀爱样跳遇琢威角系魏喊欲卑娠橙蔼户搽圆积科学哲学初探课件科学哲学初探课件 Philosophy of Science Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) Linnean System No genetics(遗传学) and