Char03-数据可视化与绘图20100406课件.ppt

第3章 数据可视化与绘图;课间提问;教学目标;教学重点;主讲内容;常用函数分类;基本的绘图命令;绘图的一般步骤 ;3.1 图形窗口;【例3-1】创建一个图形窗口，在此图形窗口内作出函数y=x2-2x+4的图像，然后创建一个编号为5的图形窗口，在此窗口内观察函数y1=sinx, y2=cosx, y3=sinhx, y4=coshx的图像。;命令subplot：Create and control multiple axes subplot(m,n,p) subplot(m,n,p,replace) subplot(m,n,p,align) subplot(h) subplot(Position,[left bottom width height]) h = subplot(...);subplot函数 可以实现多个图形的绘制： x = 0:.1:20; subplot(2,2,1) plot(x,sin(x));;subplot(2,2,3) x = 0:.1:2; y1=tan(x); plot(x,y1,--b*);;3.1.2 工具栏的使用;【例】 % 程序用于绘制三维的螺旋曲线图 t = 0:pi/50:20*pi; plot3(sin(t),cos(2*t),sin(t)+cos(t));3.2 数据可视化;x=0:.1:2; y1=sin(x); y2=sin(x-0.25); y3=sin(x-0.5); plot(x,y1,b^,x,y2,r*,x,y3,gd) title(There three lines);【例3-5】画出下面含参数方程的图像 X=2(cost+tsint) Y=2(sint-tcost), t的取值为[0,4π];3.3 二维绘图;1. plot(x) Linear 2-D plot plot(Y) plot(X1,Y1,...) plot(X1,Y1,LineSpec,...) plot(...,PropertyName,PropertyValue,...) plot(axes_handle,...);2. PLOT(X,Y) plots vector Y versus vector X. If X or Y is a matrix, then the vector is plotted versus the rows or columns of the matrix, whichever line up. If X is a scalar and Y is a vector, length(Y) disconnected points are plotted. ;3. PLOT(X1,Y1, X2,Y2,…) 这种用法中(Xi,Yi)必须是成对出现的;x = 0:.1:2; y1=sin(x); plot(x,y1,-.b);曲线的色彩、线型和数据点型参数定义 ;x = 0:.1:2; y1=sin(x); y2 = sin(x-0.25); y3 = sin(x-0.5); plot(x,y1,-.b, x,y2,--r*, x,y3,-.gh) title(There three lines);专门用来指导数据点的选取来绘制一元函数的图像。;可以很容易地将一个符号函数图形化;1.MATLAB提供了polar函数来在极坐标下绘制图形 ： POLAR Polar coordinate plot. polar(theta,rho) polar(theta,rho,LineSpec) The polar function accepts polar coordinates, plots them in a Cartesian plane, and draws the polar grid on the plane. polar(theta,rho) creates a polar coordinate plot of the angle theta versus the radius rho. theta is the angle from the x-axis to the radius vector specified in radians; rho is the length of the radius vector specified in dataspace units. polar(theta,rho,LineSpec) LineSpec specifies the line type, plot symbol, and color for the lines drawn in the polar plot. ;3.3.4 其他坐标系下的绘图命令;3