英语抽象名词的差异.pptVIP

A Contrastive Study of Abstract Nouns in English and Chinese;Introduction;2. 使用频率调查Abstract expressions are quite populous in modern English. Early in 1931, American linguist 寇姆pointed: English tends to use nouns rather than verbs to express its predicate content. ;Problem Section. The first required section of a research report is the statement of the problem with which the research project is concerned. This section requires a precise statement of the underlying question which the researcher has set out to answer. In this same section there should be an explanation of the significance—social, economic, medical, psychological, educational, etc. —of the question; in other words, why the investigation was worth conducting. Thus, if we set out, for example, to answer the question What is the effect of regular consumption of fast foods on the health of the American teenager? we must explain that the question is thought to have significant relevance to the health of this segment of the population and might lead to some sort of regulations on such foods. 问题部分。科研报告中这一首要的部分，是用来阐述研究项目的课题的。该部分要求对研究人员打算解决的最根本的问题做出精确的描述。同时，还需要说明研究该问题有何――社会的、经济的、医疗的、心理的、教育等方面的——意义。换言之，要解释为什么应该进行该项研究。例如，如果我们是要解决常用快餐会对美国青少年的健康产生什么影响？”这个问题，我们就必须说清楚：据认为这一问题与这部分人的健康有重大关系，对这个问题的研究，有可能导致制定出有关该类食品的某些规定。 ;;;2. 差异原因分析 different language system, different way of thinking and different way of expression. 3.1 造词方法 English abstract nouns: derivation -tion: realization, examination, contribution, organization -sion: decision, conclusion, expression, omission -ment: advertisement, development, achievement, arrangement -ence: emergence, dependence, interference, existence -ance: entrance, hindrance, resemblance, resistance -ure: pressure, exposure, mixture, closure -ism: criticism, alcoholism, fatalism -al: arrival, removal, denial, withdrawal -age: knowledge, breakage -ing: understanding, building, developing Adjective –nouns;;Chinese abstract nouns: 风：文风、党风、班风、校风、医风、台风、教风、学风 心：爱心、忠心、耐心、恻隐之心、 情：柔情、心情、爱情、 相：