我的非谓词动词.ppt

第8讲 非谓语动词;1;2;（3）都有主动与被动、“体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化，例如： ;（4）都可以有逻辑主语，例如： ;3;(一)动词不定式肯定式：（to）+do； 动词不定式否定式：not + (to) do； 动词不定式具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。 ;（2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如： 　　The boy pretended to be working hard. 　　He seems to be reading in his room. ;5; 3、It+be+形容词+of sb. +to do sth. 常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.作其逻辑主语。如：It is very kind of you to say so. ;（2）作表语，例如： ;（3）作宾语，例如： ;注：动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如： 　　I have no choice but to stay here. 　　He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. ;（4）作宾语补足语： 　　在复合宾语（宾语+宾补）中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite等等. 　　; 注：A.介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如： 　　With a lot of work to do, he didn‘t go to the cinema．;（5）作定语： 　　动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系： 　　①动宾关系： I have a meeting to attend. ;;②说明所修饰名词的内容： 　　We have made a plan to finish the work. ③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语： 　　He is the first to get here. ;（6）作状语： ;②表结果(往往是与预期愿望相反的结果; 意料之外), 常放在only/never后 ： 　　He arrived late only to find the train had gone. 　　I visited him only to find him out. After that day they were separated, never to see each other again.;（7）作独立成分(插入语)： 　　To tell you the truth, I dont like the way he talked. ; 动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。 1. 动名词的形式： ;（4）完成被动式(having been done)： 　　He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 　　他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。 ;7;7; 要记住以下动词及短语跟动名词不跟不定式作宾语： 　enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid（避免）, excuse, delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认），deny（否认）, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）, appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, can‘t stand, can’t help（情不自禁地）, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from), keep …from, stop…（from）, protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to（习惯于）, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on等等。 ;7;　 现在分词既具有