虚拟色调的虚拟形式.doc

从句 主句 与过去 事实相反 过去完成时 过去将来完成时 If + 主语 + had done 主语+should/would/might/could have done If you had been here last night, 如果昨晚你在那儿， If you had got there earlier, 如果你早一点儿到的话， nothing would have happened 什么事业不会发生。 you would have caught the bus. 你就会赶上那辆公共汽车。 与现在 事实相反 过去时 过去将来时 If + 主语 + were/did/ 主语+should/would/might/could do If I were you, 如果我是你的话 If there was no air, 如果没有空气 I should go/would go at once. 我立刻就走 people would die. 人们就会死去。 与将来 事实相反 过去时 过去将来时 If + 主语 + were/did/were to do If + 主语 + should do 主语+should/would/might/could do If it were Sunday tomorrow, 如果明天是周日的话， If you were to visit the school tomorrow, 明天你要是参观那所学校 If you should meet him, 如果你要见他， we wouldn’t have an exam. 我们就不参加考试了。 you would see me. 你就会见到我。 you would say “hello” to him. 请问他好。 虚拟语气 虚拟语气用于非真实条件句 （一）形式 I.动词的语气简介： 语气——表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一种语法范畴。在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表示说话的语气。 动词的四种语气： 1、陈述语气——所表达的动作或状态是符合客观现实的。 Flowers blossom in the spring. He played the piano well. 2、疑问语气——用来提出问题。 3、祈使语气——表示号召、命令、请求、劝告等。 Let us help you. Keep off the grass. 4、虚拟语气——与事实相反，表达的是怀疑、忧虑推测、祝愿等。 II.虚拟语气的运用 一、在if条件从句中的运用 （一）表格及注意事项 注： 1. 目前，虚拟语气的were除了在If I were you 的结构中不能改动外，其他有些情况可以用was。 2. 如果表示否定的意思，多用过去时结构，用should和were to 较少。 （二）、虚拟条件句中的省略和倒装 若符合下列条件，可以省略if: 1.必须是非真实条件句，并且有were, had, should时，才可以省略if. 2.省略if时，主语与were, had, should的位置必须相互调换。 万一我见到她，我会告诉她的。 If I should meet her, I would tell her. Should I meet her, I would tell her. 如果我处在你的位置上，我会做得更好。 If I were in your position, I would do it better. Were I in your position, I would do it better 如果他们准备了的话，他们应该能成功的。 If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded. Had they made preparations, they would have succeeded. (三)含蓄条件句 假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。如with，without，but，but for， otherwise等。 I lost her phone number, otherwise, I would have rung her up. If I had not lost her phone number… But for your help, I would not have the chance to go to school. If you had not helped me… I was away that day, otherwise I __