初中语法辅助动词.pptVIP

English Grammar;Auxiliary Verbs  Modal Verbs;Their Grammatical meaning Their Common Usage Different Usage Application of Modal Verbs;助动词: 本身无词义，不表示动作，不能单独作谓语，仅起辅助作用，与其它动词的一定形式一起构成谓语动词，或表示否定和疑问，或表示时态和语态,或表示加强语气等。;情态动词: 表示说话人的语气或情态。情态动词本身有词义，但不完全，不能单独作谓语，必须和不带to的动词不定式，即动词原形一起构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。多数情态动词有 过去式。;can could may might must shall should will would need dare ought to;助动词和情态动词在句中的作用: 1 帮助构成谓语动词的否定式 It is not raining now. He can’t play tennis. I don’t like your new hat.;2 帮助构成谓语动词的疑问式 Is it raining now? Can he play tennis? Do you like my new hat? He has been learning English, hasn’t he?;3 帮助构成部分倒装 Never did I expect to see him there. Hardly had I gone when the bus came. Under no circumstances must the switch be left on.;4用来代替前面刚出现过的动词 或动词词组,以避免重复,常用作一般疑问句的简略回答,这时应重读. --Can I use your basin? --Of course, you can. Do you like English? --Yes, I do.;助动词: 还可以帮助主要动词构成各种时态、语态、语气等； 情态动词: 还可以帮助主要动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，如认为可能、应当、必要等等。;1表示说话人的情感、态度 2 用于虚拟语气 3 表示推测 ;might, may, could, can, must 情态v. + v.原形:对现在状态或经常动作推测 情态v.+ be doing:对此时此刻发生的动作行为推测 情态v.+ have done/have been doing:对过去发生的事情进行推测 must的否定推测需用 can’t / couldn’t代替;She must be studying in the classroom. She must have been working then. She may/might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw her.;☆各种虚拟句 ☆表示轻微责备 情态v. (not) + have done 肯定形式表示: “本应…（而实际却没…）” 否定形式表示: “本不该/必…（而实际却…）”;区别: “shouldn’t + have done” 表示过去本不该做的事情 实际上却做了 “needn’t + have done” 表示过去本不必做的事情 实际上却做了;They shouldn’t have left so early. You needn’t have bought it. You needn’t have come here yesterday.;1 “Must we do it now ?” 　“ No , you______.” A won’t 　 B needn’t 　 C can’t 　D don’t 2 He said he would rather not ___it right now. A doing 　B to do 　 C do 　D to be doing;3 You ____to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.