土木工程材料第四篇1.pptVIP

Ch4 Concrete and Mortar 4.1 Properties of fresh concrete（新拌砼） 4.2 Mixing 拌合, Placing 浇筑 and Curing养护 4.3 Properties of Hardened Concrete 4.4 Mix proportioning and design A Definition of Portland Cement Concrete （PCC） A mixture of: Portland Cement Fine Aggregate Coarse Aggregate Water Air Cement and water combine, changing from a moist, plastic consistency to a strong, durable rock-like construction material by means of a chemical reaction called “hydration”. Volumetric proportions of constituents of PCC Based on apparent density Based on apparent density, concrete can be divided into: Normal weight concrete (2350-2500kg/m3) Lightweight concrete (up to 1900kg/m3) Heavyweight concrete (up to 3200kg/m3) 4.1 Properties of fresh concrete 4.1.1 Properties of fresh concrete 4.1.2 Factors affecting Consistency(稠度) and Workability(和易性) 4.1.3 Segregation(离析) and Bleeding(泌水) 4.1.1 Properties of fresh concrete Workability （和易性） Consistency （稠度） Slump（坍落度） Workability （和易性） Workability can be defined as the ease with which a fresh-concrete mix can be handled from the mixer to the final structure. Expressed by three characteristics Consistency 稠度 Mobility 流动性 Compatibility 相容性; 保水性 和易性是指新拌混凝土易于各工序施工操作（搅拌、运输、浇灌、捣实等）并能获得质量均匀、成型密实的性能。 影响和易性的主要因素： 1、水泥浆的数量。与流动性以及粘聚性相关 2、水泥浆的稠度。 3、砂率 此外水泥品种、骨料种类、粒形和级配、外加剂、时间、温度等，都对混凝土拌和物的和易性有一定影响 Consistency and Slump  （稠度） （坍落度） Consistency is a measure of concrete’s wetness or fluidity, and depends on the mix proportions and properties of ingredients. Measured by Slump test 坍落度试验 Slump test Slump test Mold: slump cone坍落度筒 Bottom diameter of 200mm top diameter of 100mm height of 300mm Procedure of Slump test Slump In the slump test, the number of mm the original center of the cone sinks or settles uniformly is measured to the nearest 5 mm. The measurement is called slump. E.g. slump can be 75, 80, 85mm, etc. Types of slump Near-zero slump Very dry mix Normal slump Properly proportioned concrete Shear slump Concrete lacks plast