高中英语语法[副词].docVIP

状语从句 状语从句（Adverbial Clauses）在四、六级、研究生入学考试以及各类应试中是一项比较重要的测试内容。引导状语从句的是一些连词，它们的位置比较灵活，可以置于句首，也可以置于句末。 1. 时间状语从句 (1) when引导的时间状语从句 ①.when引导的时间状语从句，其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词，也可以是瞬间性动作的动词，而且可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或者从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。如： when you apply for a job, you must present your credentials. 当你申请工作时，你必须递交你的有关证件。（同时） when the students heard the teacher’s footsteps, they all atopped talking. 当学生们听到老师的脚步声时，他们都停止了讲话。（从句动作发生在前） ② when还可表示just then（正在那时，突然）的意思，此时其所引导的从句只放在主句之后。如： we were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要动身，突然天下起雨来。 The game had hardly/scarcely/barely begun when it started raining. 比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。 (2) as引导的时间状语从句 as引导的时间状语从句其动词的动作是延续性的，而且侧重表示主句和从句的动作并相发生： We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair. 她梳头时我们在吃早饭。 It will warm up a little bit on Sunday as the cold front passes. 寒流一过，星期日就会有点暖意了。 (3) while引导的时间状语从句 while表示“在某一段时间里”或“在……期间”，其所引导的从句的动作是延续性的，并侧重表示和主句的动作同时发生。如： When the teacher paraphrased the text in English, the students listened attentively and took notes. 当老师用英语解释课文时，学生们聚精会神地听并做着笔记。 I can learn while I work. 我可以边工作边学习。 (4) before引导的时间状语从句 ① before“在……之前” I have finished my dissertation before my supervisor went abroad. 在我的导师出国之前，我已完成了我的学位论文。 I’ll be back before you have left. 你离开之前我就会回来。 ② before“……之后才” It may be many years before we meet again. 可能要过许多年我们才能再见了。 It was three days before I came back. 他三天后才回来。 (5) as soon as/once/directly/the instant等引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 是最常见的表示“一……就”的从属连词，其他连词还有once，directly，immediately，instantly，the instant (that)，the minute(that) ，the moment(that)等，它们通常都可与as soon as换用。如： As soon as we got home, the telephone rang. 我们一到家，电话就响了。 I recognized her immediately I saw her. 我一看见她就认出她来了。 Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet. 老师一进来，大家就静了下来。 (6) hardly...when/no sooner...than引导的时间状语从句 关联从属连词hardly/barely/scarcely...when和no sooner...than的意思是“刚……就”，它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。如： He had no sooner (no sooner had he)arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚一到家，就又要他出另一次差。 No sooner had the words bee