非洲鸵鸟与固始鸡大肠的解剖学与组织学比较.docVIP

非洲鸵鸟与固始鸡大肠的解剖学与组织学比较 赵魁 （河南农业大学动物医学专业5班） 摘要：应用大体解剖,常规石蜡切片，H.E.染色，对3只非洲鸵鸟的大肠与3只固始鸡的大肠的解剖结构和组织结构进行观察。结果表明：非洲鸵鸟有两条大的盲肠和很长的结肠，盲肠外观呈圆锥状，管径向盲端逐渐变细。盲肠内表面有很多不规则且细小的横行黏膜褶；结肠黏膜上皮与固有层向肠腔突起形成相互交错的半月形皱襞。固始鸡大肠可分为盲肠和直肠，盲肠分为三部分。非洲鸵鸟大肠与固始鸡大肠的黏膜上皮是排列较整齐的单层柱状细胞，其间夹有杯状细胞。非洲鸵鸟的肠腺发达，腺上皮中有大量的杯状细胞；黏膜下层发达，有淋巴组织和血管存在；肌层较发达。 关键词：非洲鸵鸟；固始鸡；大肠；解剖学；组织学 The Comparision Between the Large Intestine of African Ostrich And the Large Intestine of Gushi Chicken with Anatomy and Histology Zhao Kui (Class 5,Grade 2001,Veterinary Medicine Of Henan Agricultural University) Abstract: The anatomical structure and the histological structure of 3 African ostrichs large intestines and 3 Gushi chickens large intestines were observed on dissection on the whole,routine paraffin sections that were stained with H.E. dyeing.The results showed:The African ostrich has 2 big caecums and a very long colon,the caecum appears cone shape,the diameter of the caecum attenuates gradually.There are many irregular and small mucous membrane pleats inside caecums;mucous membrane epithelium and inherent layer of the African ostrichs colon protrudes and forms folds which not overlay each other.Gushi chickens large intestine can be divided into caecum and rectum.The caecum is divided into three parts.Mucous membrane epithelium of African ostrichs large intestine is made of simple cuboidal cells which arrange neatly,only one layer,and there are goblet cells among them.The glands of African ostrichs large intestine are developed,glandular epithelium consists of numerous goblet cells.The submucosa is filled with lymph tissue and well developed vessels.The muscle layer of African ostrich is very developed. Key Words: African ostrich;Gushi chicken;Large intestine;Anatomy;Histology 鸵鸟（ostrich）Aves），鸵形目（Struthioniforme），鸵鸟科（Struthionidae），鸵鸟属（Struthio），鸵鸟种（Struthio camelus），是目前世界上最大的鸟类，主要发源于非洲的一些干旱地区（如南非、东非、索马利等），目前人工饲养的鸵鸟(domestic ostrich, Struthio Camelus Var.demesticus)常称为非洲黑鸵鸟。国内引进鸵鸟饲养史已将近20年，大都在动物园及游乐园供观赏用，其经济价值备受重视。然而由于对其器官组织学的研究及营养