第8章_海洋平台结构概述.pptVIP

Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration Exploration – Reservoir engineering Drilling Production Transportation Distribution to market Offshore Production Systems Trend - Floating Production Systems The search for hydrocarbon resources moves the offshore industry into deepwaters and harsh environments where the traditional technologies were not able to tap into. There is a continuous drive to reduce the development cost by searching for cost efficient platform types. The future trend: (i) efficient platform for large deepwater fields; (ii) low cost mobile platform for marginal fields. Technology development holds the key for successful deepwater hydrocarbon exploration. Tension Leg Platform - Classical Tension Leg Platform (TLP) consists of a floating structure held in place by vertical, tensioned tendons connected to the sea floor by pile-secured templates. Features: Heave natural period 3 – 4 seconds Minimal heave, roll and pitch motions Compliant in horizontal direction Payload sensitive Water depth limited to 5,000 – 6,000 ft Large well bay size Dry tree application Tension Leg Platform – Single Column Attractive Features: Single column for ease of construction Extended column arms to keep the roll and pitch natural periods low Less number of tendons Lower deck weight because of less pry squeeze load Drawbacks: Well bay size limited Self floating not stable Application limited to small topsides weight Tension Leg Platform – MOSES Attractive Features: Flat plate design for ease of construction Extended column arms to keep the roll and pitch natural periods low Lower deck weight because of less pry squeeze load due to reduced column span Riser connect at the same level as the tendons to minimize riser stroke Drawbacks: Well bay size reduced Self floating less stable Application limited to small topsides weight Tension Leg Platform – ETLP Attractive Features: Flat plate design for ease of construction Extended column arms to keep the roll and pitch natu