UNIT 3 Forces and Ttheir effects课件.pptVIP

UNIT 3Lesson 2 Forces and Their Effects ;Words and Expressions;Words and Expressions;幕壳喳沁斥挚纱捏土胖编课凯坑狗斟惯算火播踢骤诚告撞莽阁奉郁瓣痞鲤UNIT 3 Forces and Ttheir effects课件《机械工程专业英语教程》课件;Terminology;;; A study of any machine or mechanism shows that each is made up of a number of movable parts. These parts transform a given motion to a desired motion. In other words, these machines perform work. Work is done when motion results from the application of force[1]. Thus, a study of mechanics and machines deals with forces and the effects of forces on bodies. 1. work在此指代“功”， 换句话说，这些机器在工作（做功）。在力的作用下产生运动就实现了做功。; A force is a push or pull. The effect of a force either changes the shape or motion of a body or prevent other forces from making such changes. Every force produces a stress in the part on which it is applied. Forces may be produced by an individual using muscular action or by machines with mechanical motion. Forces are produced by physical or chemical change, gravity, or changes in motion. When a force is applied which tends to stretch an object, it is called a tensile force. A part experiencing a tensile force is said to be in tension. A force can also be applied which tends to shorten or squeeze the object. Such a force is a compressive force. ;;The turning of a part in a lathe is another example of several forces in action (as shown in Figure 1).[1] 2. turning of a part 这里指“对一个零件进行车削加工”。 全句译为：几个力同时作用的另外的一个例子是在车床上对零件进行车削加工（如图2.1所示）。;As the work revolves and the cutting tool moves into the work, the wedging action of the cutting edge produces a shear force. This force causes the metal to seem to flow off the work in the form of chips.[2] 3. chip 这里指“切屑”。work 这里指“工件，即 workpiece ”。 全句可译为：这个力使得金属看起来像以切屑的形式从工件上流出来一样。 If this workpiece is held between the centers of the lathe, the centers exert a compressive force against the work.[3] 3. centers of the lathe 意为“车床的两个顶尖”。全句可译为： 如果一个工件被安装在车床的两个顶尖之间，顶尖对工件施加一个压力。;;;;;;; Rotary Motion. The motion that is