光学1绪论.ppt

绪论 刘晓昱 700?BC The Father of Optics ?11th century ?Book of Optics ignored in the Arabic world translated into Latin summarised and expanded on by the Polish monk?Witelo The first glasses 17th century?? laws of planetary motion retina? Rene Descartes Sir Isaac Newton corpuscle theory of light 用粒子学说如何解释光的反射和折射现象？ Electromagnetic Theory Maxwells equations a survey of the100 most prominent physicists— Maxwell was voted the third greatest physicist of all time, behind only Newton and Einstein quantum theory Nobel Prize 1918 Albert Einstein photoelectric effect 1921Nobel Prize 光学有什么用？ 1 光从哪里来，如何传播，如何测量？ 2 光的本性。 3 如何精确的测量微小距离？ 4 显微镜有分辨极限吗？ 5 为什么太空中有那么多恒星，但看起来还是一片漆黑？ 6 用阳光可以融化金属吗？ 7 眼见为实？ … … * The Nimrud lens--Egyptians intromission theory emission theory Plato Alhazen Italy around 1286 Johannes Kepler Born 31 March 1596 Died 11 February 1650?(aged?53) explained a variety of optical phenomena including reflection and refraction René Descartes (right) with ?Queen Christina of Sweden?(left) r=a(1-sinθ） In 1704, Newton published?Opticks Robert Hooke (1635 - 1703) Built one of the first useful compound microscopes Observed structure of cork Coined the term “Cell”. Published Micrographia (1665) Thomas Young (1773 - 1829) Wave Optics Diffraction Interference Christiaan Huygens (1629 - 1695) James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879) Max Planck * * *