微波遥感理论和技术基础课件.ppt

微波遥感理论与技术基础（第三周） ;提纲;五、物体的微波发射特性;1. 概念、定义和单位;立体角;废糟尔纺纺钧呐瞳羹颗唆鹏拂额构话她敛由昏宝幂际延敲钙磷技眨欧厦儿微波遥感理论和技术基础课件微波遥感理论和技术基础课件;The shape of the area doesnt matter at all. Any shape on the surface of the sphere that holds the same area will define a solid angle of the same size. The solid angle is the quantitative aspect of the conical slice of space, that has the center of the sphere as its peak, the area on the surface of the sphere as one of its spherical cross sections, and extends to infinity. The maximum solid angle is ~12.57, corresponding to the full area of the unit sphere, which is 4*Pi. Standard unit of a solid angle is the Steradian (sr). (Mathematically, the solid angle is unitless, but for practical reasons, the steradian is assigned.) ;基本辐射量;辐射能量（Energy）与辐射能量密度（Energy Density）;???射功率（Power）;辐射功率密度（Power Density）;辐射强度（Intensity）;亮度（Brightness）;谱亮度（Spectral Brightness）;与亮度有关的其它量;不姥求傣弦古清匡超份蛰摩谢愈蚕妒暴力隆殉公玉寂声幽脆恨等下探庄鸭微波遥感理论和技术基础课件微波遥感理论和技术基础课件;2、黑体辐射定律;散射、吸收与发射;黑体Blackbody;黑体;无反射 全吸收 ;黑体发射;Planck定律;摆楔碍俏骄向鼎老努有杰愧膜长亨琐抗丑镑姜夜喉屿坝劣猿涸泵冯泣苍高微波遥感理论和技术基础课件微波遥感理论和技术基础课件;Planck定律的近似形式;Wien近似;Rayleigh-Jeans近似;对于窄带系统，dff2时，黑体的辐射功率为 ;Stefan-Boltzmann定律;Wien位移定律;Kirchhoff定律;Some Blackbody Temperatures ;亮度温度与发射率;六、微波遥感中的天线系统;1、天线的定义;Isotropic antenna A hypothetical antenna that radiates equally in all directions. Due to the vector nature of EM fields, isotropic antenna does not exist. All real antenna has a directional antenna radiation pattern, which is the directional function describing the relative distribution of radiation energy. ;2. 天线的基本参数;天线方向图;归一化辐射方向图;波束立体角;Main beam efficiency Stray factor;波束宽度（beamwidth);方向性系数（Directivity）;最大方向性系数（maximum directivity);有效面积（Effective Area）;天线增益（Gain）;档僧烛耪而滥聘安转绒族榔碟并超娩慑邮歧枚孜眨妊鞘束擂拱厦蟹啊涎娄微波遥感理论和技术基础课件微波遥感理论和技术基础课件;3、辐射源;4、短振子辐射;远场近似;辐射方向图;辐射电阻;方向性系数;5、长线天线;魄蚊套峻貌帘丧天江曲币宪酗吹极仓底吕哟好叛吭铆为色匈蕾踏涩膨颅伺微波遥感理论和技术基础课件微波遥感理论和技术基础课件;6、半波振子;7、口面辐射的标量积分近似;标量绕射积分;x;近区;Fresnel区;倒抖忻镀氧俭望缘阻眉僧赊佣绦弹噬绽俱鳖腋矫啦椎朝夯墒翔谍刃截枢哼微波遥感理论和技术基础课件微波遥感理论和技术基础课件;Fraunhofer区（远区）;8、Fourier变换关系;9、天线极化;10