无限使用（上）.ppt

Grammar The Infinitive ;The characteristics of The Infinitive ;;;句子成分;二. 句子的主要成分 １、主语的定义 　　主语是一个句子所叙述的主体。主语一般位于句首，但在there　be结构、疑问句、和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。 　　 　　;2、谓语的定义 　　谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。在陈述句中放在主语之后。;２、谓语的构成;Ｂ、复合谓语;句子的次要成分 １、表语的定义 表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词如（be，become，get，look，grow，turn，seem）等之后;2、宾语的定义 宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词后，介词后也要用宾语。;Ｃ、复合宾语; 宾语补足语;2 宾补的表现形式;宾补的表现形式;定语;状语;不定式的用法;1. Subject 主语; Summary 1.动词不定式作主语谓语动词用单数 To find the way is really difficult. 2. it 作形式主语，动词不定式做真正主语； It is hard for stranger to find the way. It’s really kind of you to help me. It + adj +for sb+ to do It + adj +of sb+ to do ;It is + easy, difficult, hard, important, impossible, possible, necessary, unnecessary, interesting + for sb. to do sth. 2) It is + kind, good, nice, wise, clever, foolish, right, wrong, careful, careless, polite, impolite, naughty + of sb. to do sth. ; 1) 对于珍妮来说通过考试是困难。 It is hard/difficult for Jane to pass the examination. 2) 凯特有礼貌的把她的坐位让给老奶奶。 It is polite of Kate to give her seat to the grandma.;2. Predicative 表语;3. Object 宾语;1）stop to do sth. 停止正在做的事情去做另一件事。 stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事情。例如： It’s time for class. Please stop talking. Its time for class. Please stop to get into the classroom. 2）go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事情。 　 go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事情。例如： After a short break, he went on doing his homework. After math, we will go on to study English. 3）在动词remember, forget, regret之后，动词不定式表示动作还未发生，而动名词表示动作已发生过。例如： 　 I shall remember to help her with her Chinese. I remember seeing her somewhere before. Don’t forget to call me tomorrow. I forgot reading this book.;4）try doing sth. 试着做过某事。 try to do sth. 设法做某事，努力做某事。例如： She tried drawing a picture of the farm and we liked the picture