OTSU 算法可以说是自适应计算单阈值.doc

/*OTSU 算法可以说是自适应计算单阈值（用来转换灰度图像为二值图像）的简单高效方法。下面的代码最早由 Ryan Dibble提供，此后经过多人Joerg.Schulenburg, R.Z.Liu 等修改，补正。算法对输入的灰度图像的直方图进行分析，将直方图分成两个部分，使得两部分之间的距离最大。划分点就是求得的阈值。parameter: *image --- buffer for imagerows, cols --- size of imagex0, y0, dx, dy --- region of vector used for computing thresholdvvv --- debug option, is 0, no debug information outputed 复制内容到剪贴板 代码: *//*======================================================================*//* OTSU global thresholding routine *//* takes a 2D unsigned char array pointer, number of rows, and *//* number of cols in the array. returns the value of the threshold *//*======================================================================*/int otsu (unsigned char *image, int rows, int cols, int x0, int y0, int dx, int dy, int vvv){unsigned char *np; // 图像指针int thresholdValue=1; // 阈值int ihist[256]; // 图像直方图，256个点int i, j, k; // various countersint n, n1, n2, gmin, gmax;double m1, m2, sum, csum, fmax, sb;// 对直方图置零...memset(ihist, 0, sizeof(ihist));gmin=255; gmax=0;// 生成直方图for (i = y0 + 1; i y0 + dy - 1; i++) {np = image[i*cols+x0+1];for (j = x0 + 1; j x0 + dx - 1; j++) {ihist[*np]++;if(*np gmax) gmax=*np;if(*np gmin) gmin=*np;np++; /* next pixel */}}// set up everythingsum = csum = 0.0;n = 0;for (k = 0; k = 255; k++) {sum += (double) k * (double) ihist[k]; /* x*f(x) 质量矩*/n += ihist[k]; /* f(x) 质量 */}if (!n) {// if n has no value, there is problems...fprintf (stderr, NOT NORMAL thresholdValue = 160\n);return (160);}// do the otsu global thresholding methodfmax = -1.0;n1 = 0;for (k = 0; k 255; k++) {n1 += ihist[k];if (!n1) { continue; }n2 = n - n1;if (n2 == 0) { break; }csum += (double) k *ihist[k];m1 = csum / n1;m2 = (sum - csum) / n2;sb = (double) n1 *(double) n2 *(m1 - m2) * (m1 - m2);/* bbg: note: can be optimized. */if (sb fmax) {fmax = sb;thresholdValue = k;}}// at this point we have our thresholding value// debug code to display thresholding valu