除杂（Impurity）.docVIP

除杂（Impurity） Topics on impurity removal A method of purifying substances. The object is to remove impurities from the mixture to obtain a purer substance. Principle: 1 to remove impurities, and no new impurity is introduced, and the retention of composition and impurity formation easy separation The main component of chemical reaction can occur Commonly used methods of removing impurities: physical method (mainly for filtration); chemical method. The five commonly used methods of removing impurities with chemical principles are given as follows: 1. Convert impurities into precipitation and remove them. (1) hydrochloric acid or soluble hydrochloric acid reacts with silver nitrate to form silver chloride precipitate. Example 1: how do I remove a small amount of sodium chloride from sodium nitrate?. The AgNO3 solution is dropped gradually until the precipitate is no longer generated, and the purified sodium nitrate can be obtained by filtering and evaporating the filtrate. NaClAgNO3 = AgClNaNO3 Sulfuric acid or soluble sulfate reacts with the solution containing barium ion to form barium sulfate precipitation. Example 2: how to remove some of the sulfuric acid mixed with hydrochloric acid?. A BaCl2 solution is added to the mixture in such a way that no precipitation occurs, and pure hydrochloric acid is obtained by filtration. Similarly, the mixture is mixed with soluble carbonate and barium ion (or calcium) solution reaction of barium carbonate (or calcium carbonate) precipitation (also available acid removed CO32); mixture mixed in some soluble salts or copper salts should react with soluble alkali hydroxide or iron hydroxide generated and removed. 2 change impurities into gases and remove them. The common reactions in junior high school chemistry are: carbonate reacts with acids to form carbon dioxide gas. The acid in the selected acid is the same as the acid in the retained substance. Example 3. How can I remove sodium carbonate from sodium chloride?. Add some hydr