水电站基础知识（Basic knowledge of hydropower stations）.docVIP

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水电站基础知识（Basic knowledge of hydropower stations）.doc

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水电站基础知识（Basic knowledge of hydropower stations）

水电站基础知识（Basic knowledge of hydropower stations） Basic knowledge of water turbine I. Introduction Water turbine is an important device for converting water wheel into mechanical energy. 1, depending on the energy conversion, it can be divided into two categories: counterattack and impact. The counterattack uses the pressure and kinetic energy of the flow, and the shock uses the kinetic energy of the stream. 2, the counterattack is divided into mixed flow, axial flow, oblique flow and through flow four kinds; 3, the impact is divided into the bucket, and double oblique strike three. 1) mixed flow: The water flows into the runner approximately radially from the circumference Application head range: 30m~700m Features: simple structure, stable operation and high efficiency 2) axial flow type The water flows from the radial motion to the axial flow between the guide vanes and the runner Application head: 3~80m Features: suitable for medium and low water head and large discharge hydropower stations Classification: axial flow fixed impeller, axial flow impeller 3) impact type The runner is always in the atmosphere, and the high-pressure water flow from the pressure steel pipe has changed into a high speed jet before entering the turbine. Range of water head: 300~1700m It is suitable for high head and small flow unit. Two, Main basic parameters of hydraulic turbine 1. Main basic parameters of water turbine Water head: Hg, H, Hmax, Hmin, Hr (design head) Flow rate: Q Speed: f=np/60 Output: N=9.81QH (Kw). Efficiency: n 2, water turbine type code Mixed flow: HL Diagonal flow: XL Axial flow paddle type: ZZ Axial flow paddle type: ZD Impact (buckettype): CJ Double click: SJ Oblique stroke: XJ Cross flow paddle type: GZ Cross flow fixed paddle type: GD For reversible, increase N after its code name 3, Francis turbine Model: HL100 - LJ - 210 HL: on behalf of Francis turbine 100: runner type (also called specific speed) LJ: vertical metal spiral case 210: runner diameter (210 cm) 4.