沈丁丁论文正文.doc

浅析能见度不良对船舶航行安全的影响 [摘要] 能见度不良作为影响船舶航行的不安全因素, 给海上航行安全带来的最大影响是能见度下降, 造成瞭望、陆标定位等困难, 从而易发船舶触礁、碰撞等海上交通事故, 造成人员伤亡、财产损失、环境污染。根据国内外多年事故统计, 船舶碰撞事故中有60%-70%是在能见度不良中航行时发生的。所以，如何让船舶在能见度不良水域中安全航行这个问题一直困扰着航海人员，而本文全面思考与船舶在能见度不良水域中安全航行的各种因素，首先简述能见度不良的概念以及船舶在能见度不良中航行特点，然后对船舶在能见度不良水域中发生的碰撞事故特征以及原因等问题进行分析，并结合了在能见度不良水域中发生的船舶碰撞案例，紧接着具体提出了避免船舶航行在能见度不良水域中发生碰撞的应对措施，以期能够为船长和船员们提供资料参考，减少碰撞事故的发生。 [关键词] 能见度不良 安全 避碰 应对措施 Parsing the Influence of Restricted Visibility of Ship Navigation Safety [Abstract] As unsafe factors affecting navigation of ships, restricted visibility have the greatest impact on the safety of maritime navigation is reduced visibility,thus it is easy for ship to result to the maritime traffic accidents such as aground and collision,causing property loss and environmental pollution.According to statistics from?accidents?at home and abroad?for many years?,Between sixty and seventy percent of ship collision accident occur in the restricted visibility of the sailing. So, how to make the ship sailing on the waters of restricted visibility safety this problem has been bothering sailors.The paper comprehensive thinking of various factors about safe navigation of the ship in restricted visibility waters .Firstly,the paper briefly describes the concept of restricted visibility and the characteristics of the ship sailing in the restricted visibility.Then this paper analyzes the reasons and characteristics of the accident occurred in the restricted visibility waters.And this paper combines with Some of ship collision case occurred in the restricted visibility waters.Then the concrete measures for the ship sailing in the restricted visibility waters are put forward. In order to providing references for the captain and the sailors, and reducing the happening of the collision accident. [Keyword] restricted visibility Safety Collision avoidance concrete measures 目录 引言 1 第一章 能见度不良概念及航行特点 2 1.1能见度不良概念 2 1.2船舶在能见度不良中航行的特点 2 第二章 能见度不良对舶航行安全的主要因素 4 2.1人为因素 4 2.2自然因素