北京地区成人本科学位英语复习资料—词汇概要.docx

《学位英语》复习资料1第二部分词汇第一节形近词和近义词1、abroad adv. 到（在）国外【搭配】from abroad 从国外回来；go abroad 到国外去【用法】表示到（在）国外，是一个副词，前面不加介词。如：She often goes abroad on business.她经常到国外出差。【辨析】abroad, aboard, broad 和board单词意思例句abroad adv. 在国外或海外He often goes abroad.aboard adv. 在船（或飞机，车）上broad adj. 宽广的He has very broad shoulders.board v. 上（船，飞机，车）The passengers are boarding the plane now.2、accept v. 接受【辨析】accept 和receive：accept 表示“接受”，而receive 表示“接到，收到”。如：I received an invitation yesterday, but I didn’t accept it.『例』（1）He is an honest official and never B any gifts from people who sought his help.A. received B. accepted C. expected D. took up『解析』句意：他是一个诚实的军官，从来不接受任何向他求助的人的礼物。expect 期望；take up 开始从事，着手处理。（2）So far(迄今为止) I haven’t A any instructions as to(关于) what to do next.A. received B. accepted C. achieved D. recovered『解析』句意：迄今为止，我没有收到下一步工作的指令。achieve 获得；recover 恢复。3、accident n. 意外或偶然发生的事故【搭配】by accident 偶然地（= by chance）【辨析】accident, incident 和event指意外或偶然发生的事故，尤指不幸的，损害性的事故。accident如：There have been fewer traffic accidents lately. 最近很少发生交通事故。用于表示突发事件或偶发事件，政治上也可以指“事变”。（即小事件，大事变）incident如：Were there any excitingincidents during your journey? 旅行中有什么惊喜吗？指具有重要意义的历史事件，也可引申为重大事件，还可指“比赛项目”，其复数可指时event 事，时局。如：Which events have you entered for? 你参加了什么项目？『例』C of cheating customers with false goods should no longer exist.A. Events B. Accidents C. Incidents D. Happenings『解析』用假产品欺骗顾客的事件不应当发生。4、accuse v. 指责，指控【搭配】accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事【辨析】accuse, charge 和sue：三个单词都有“指责，指控”的意思，但与之搭配的介词不同。accuse sb. of sth. 如：His boss accused him of carelessness.charge sb. with sth. 如：The policecharged the driver with reckless driving.sue sb. for sth. 如：Smithsued his neighbor for damaging his house.『例』（1）The customer accused the cook C using canned potatoes.A. for B. with C. of D. against『解析』句意：顾客指责厨师使用罐装土豆。（2）He was accused C stealing from the shop.A. with B. in C. of D. at『解析』句意：他被指控在商店盗窃。（3）The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and B him of speeding.A. charged B. accused C. blamed D. deprived『解析』句意：警察把他拦下，指控他超速驾驶。cha