否定的翻译概要.ppt

否定语句的翻译 Certainly I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me. You can never be too careful. Opportunities come to all，but all are not ready for them when they come． But you see，we both cannot go． He went away before I had time to reply. Hes the last man I would consult. 英语中表示否定可用两种方法： 一是借助词汇； 二是借助结构和表达方式。 在借助词汇时，除使用not, no, nor, neither, never等副词之外，还借助其它词类，例如： 1、含有否定意义的动词或动词短语，如fail, deny, miss, lack, ignore, refuse, neglect, overlook, exclude, withhold (refrain, restrain), refrain (from), prevent (from)等。 Examples: (1)Hes withholding his approval. 他不肯同意。 (2) The dam is too weak to withhold the pressure of the rising water. 水坝不够牢固，抵挡不住水上涨的压力。 (3) He denied having seen these watches before. 他不承认见过这些手表。 2、含有否定意义的名词，如：absence, omission, failure, refusal, lack, ignorance, neglect, exclusion, denial, scarcity等。 （1） These children were in a state of virtual neglect. 这些孩子实际上处于无人照管的状态。 (2) She never speaks ill of anyone in his or her absence. 她从不乘人不在时说别人的坏话。 (她从不背地里说人坏话。) (3) The absence of color in that drawing makes it dull. 那幅画没有着色，很是晦暗。 3、含有否定意义的形容词或形容词短语，如：missing, ignorant, free from, safe from, short of, blind to, deaf to, dead to, last等。 Examples: （1）They were safe from attack. 他们没受到攻击。 （2）She is dead to all feelings of shame. 她恬不知耻。 （3）He is completely blind to her faults. 他一点儿也觉察不到她的错误. 4、含有否定意义的副词或副词短语，如：otherwise, no longer, no more等。 5、含有否定意义的连词，如：unless, before, until, rather than, or等。 6、含有否定意义的介词或介词短语，如：but, without, above, except, beyond, instead of, in place of, out of, anything but(根本不), nothing but(只不过, 只有)等。 These are political rather than social matters. 这是政治问题而不是社会问题。 Most of the time he states rather than conveys, and gossips rather than writes. 大部分时间中,他只是述事不立言,谈论而不写作。 I will do anything but go there. 我决不到那里去。 That little boat is anything but safe. 那只小船一点也不安全。 7、借助带有否定意义的前缀或者后缀的词语。在部分否定时往往借助few, little, seldom, hardly, barely, scarcely, rarely, almost no/not等词语或短语。 在表示双重否定时往往借助no doubt, no wonder