地质学常识（Geology knowledge）.docVIP

地质学常识（Geology knowledge） First, fill in the blanks (0.5 points per minute, 25 points) 1, the earths inner sphere structure, the earths interior by the crust, the mantle, the core of three parts. 2, the nature of the rock according to the genesis can be divided into three categories, they are: magmatite, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks; the marble belongs to metamorphic rock, quartz rock belongs to metamorphic rock; basalt is magmatite, limestone is belong to sedimentary rocks. 3, according to the content of silica in magmatic rock, it can be divided into ultrabasic rock, basic rock, neutral rock and acid rock. 4, the relative geological age of the four age units, followed by the universe, the generation, the period and the world. 5, the occurrence of rock formations, the three elements are: strike, tilt and dip. 6, Mohs hardness meter, hardness of 3, 4, 7, 9 mineral as follows: calcite, fluorite, quartz and corundum. In the field, usually with a knife, nail to rough test mineral hardness, knife hardness is about 5.5, nail hardness is about 2.5. 7, metamorphism mainly consists of recrystallization, metamorphism, metasomatism, deformation and fragmentation. 8, weathering can be divided into three kinds of physical weathering, chemical weathering and biological weathering, and its comprehensive product is soil. 9, stratigraphic contact relation, integration contact, parallel unconformity contact, angle unconformity contact three kinds. 10, residual products are weathering products, slope deposits are the result of geological processes of streams, sediments of rivers are alluvial objects, glacial deposits are glacial drift. 11. According to the fold of the fold and the axis of the fold, the fold can be divided into vertical fold, overturned fold, oblique fold, recumbent fold, roll fold and fold. 12, according to the relative motion of the two faults, faults can be divided into normal faults, reverse faults and translational faults 13, geology undertakes two majo