中国北方景观中的果树选择.docVIP

我国北方园林绿化中果树的选用 我国地域广阔,横跨热、温、寒3个气候带,地形复杂,气候迥异,果树种类繁多,常绿果树、落叶果树以及乔、灌、藤本果树一应俱全,可以说每一地区的任一城市都可找到可适生的果树绿化树种,进而为果树进城奠定了坚实的技术和种质资源基础。 Chinas vast, across three hot, warm, cold climate zone, the complex terrain, climate is very different, there are many different kinds of fruit trees, evergreen trees and deciduous trees and Joe, irrigation, vine fruit trees, say that are to be found in any of the cities in each can suitable afforestation trees in fruit trees, then for the fruit trees into the city laid a solid technical foundation and germplasm resources. 1 桃 1 peach 小乔木,小枝浅绿色或紫红色,叶宽披针形成卵状椭圆形。花1~3朵簇生,粉红色,先花后叶,华北地区3~4月份开花。果实5~8月间成熟,果实底色黄绿,阳面有红晕。桃树喜光,较耐旱,不耐湿,喜夏季高温的暖温带气候。在我国“三北”地区,除高寒区外均适合栽种。桃树类型可分食用桃和观赏桃。食用桃有蟠桃和油桃2大变种,而观赏桃则有白花桃、白碧桃、紫叶桃、寿星桃、垂枝桃、红花碧桃与洒金碧桃等多个变种。此外,尚有抗性更强的山桃品种。 Small trees, branchlets pale green or purple, blade width lanceolate to elliptic oval. 1 ~ 3 flowers in clusters, pink, first leaf after flowering, flower 3 ~ 4 months in north China. Fruit 5 ~ 8 months, the mature fruit color yellow green, light blush. Light peach xi, relatively drought resistance, resistance to wet, summer heat warm temperate climate. In our country three north area, in addition to the alpine zone were suitable for planting. Can be divided into edible and ornamental peach peach peach tree type. Edible peach has 2 big flat peach and nectarine varieties, and prunus persica ornamental peach, white peach, white, purple Ye Tao, longevity peach and weeping peach, safflower prunus persica and sprinkled gold prunus persica, and many other varieties. In addition, there are wild peach varieties resistance stronger. 2 杏 2 apricot 落叶乔木,高达10m,小枝红褐色,叶卵圆或卵状椭圆形,先端突尖或渐尖。花单生,初开为粉红色,后变成粉红至白色,一般3~4月份开花,先花后叶。果实球形,色黄常伴有红晕,果径2.0~2.5cm,初夏成熟。杏树喜光,适应性强,耐寒、耐旱,较抗盐碱,但不耐涝。“三北”地区大部能栽植。杏的种类繁多,有鲜食的,有仁用(甜仁)的,还有重瓣、垂枝、斑叶等观赏型园艺变种。 Deciduous trees, up to 10 m. Branchlets red-brown, egg circle or oval leaves elliptic, apex acuminate or acuminate. After the single flowers, open for pink, pink to white, generally 3 ~ 4 mon