聚氯乙烯反应釜的设计.doc

摘 要 随着国内聚氯乙烯行业的竞争越来越激烈，小规模聚氯乙烯生产设备将越来越表现出不经济性。考虑到今后国内新建聚氯乙烯生产设备规模至少将在20万t/a以上，60m3聚氯乙烯反应釜及其成套工艺技术具有很大的推广前景。由于引进国外60m3以上聚氯乙烯反应釜及其成套工艺技术的设备和技术费用相当昂贵，在今后较长一段时期内，国产化60m3聚氯乙烯反应釜及其成套工艺技术将是企业的理想选择。因此，60m3聚氯乙烯反应釜的设计和成套工艺技术的开发，将极大的推动国内PVC行业的技术进步和长远发展。本次毕业设计是设计一个60m3聚氯乙烯反应釜，考虑到了筒体所受的内压和外压，进行了罐体和夹套内压强度计算，对罐体进行了外压强度校核，另外还设计了搅拌装置与传动装置，并对其进行了强度和刚度校核。 关键词：聚氯乙烯; 反应釜； 设计 Abstract With the domestic PVC industry more competitive, PVC production equipment for small-scale will become more and more non-economic. Tacking into account the future of domestic new PVC production equipment will be at least more than 200,000t/a, 60m3PVC reactor and packaged process have a great spread. The equipment investments and construction investments for bring in the 60m3 PVC reactor and packaged process is so expensive that the companies should choose the 60m3 PVC reactor and packaged process that we have in the near future. So, the design of the 60m3PVC reactor and the study of packaged process have great historical significance and far-reaching impact in the history of domestic PVC production, will greatly promote the development of domestic PVC industry.This graduation design is to design a 60m3 PVC reactor.This design considered the cylinder body from the internal pressure and the external pressure，Tank and jacket were calculated compressive strength， and the tank strength of the external pressure was checked.In addition, I also designed a mixing device and transmission device and checked its strength and stiffness. Key words: PVC; reactor; design 前 言 我国PVC生产企业平均规模为年产8万多吨，PVC生产处于低垄断状态。由于国产化PVC生产技术的成熟，在很大程度上降低了行业进入门槛。行业内和行业外企业为追求较高利润，竞相建设和扩产，近几年国内PVC热的显著特征是大干快上。所谓大，是指规模大，新建改扩建项目动辄十万吨以上，二三十万吨也不少见。未来PVC生产企业规模将向40万～80万t/a大规模水平发展，规模小的企业将由于技术水平较低，污染严重，生产成本高，竞争能力弱而逐步淘汰。 我国PVC行业采用大型聚合釜生产装置成为近年来明显的发展趋势。采用大型聚合釜，每釜的产量大，克服了小釜生产出的聚氯乙烯树脂质量不稳定的缺陷，大釜比小釜的产量批次较少，树脂之间的差异减小，质量更加均匀和稳定。同样规模的装置，采用大型釜更容易实现DCS控制。鉴于当前国内聚氯乙烯行业的发展情况，采用60m3聚氯乙烯反应釜，可以节省设备投资和建设投资，减少生产运营费用，有效降低产品生产成本，可以大大提高国内聚氯乙烯生产企业的市场竞争能力，为国内聚氯乙烯生产企业扩大生产规模