生产要素禀赋与比较优势（The production factor endowments and comparative advantage）.doc

生产要素禀赋与比较优势（The production factor endowments and comparative advantage） The following is part of the courseware: The second chapter of the classical international trade theory The first section of absolute cost theory Adam Simy, a generation of absolute cost theory The main contents of the two, the theory of absolute advantage If a country to another country has higher efficiency in some commodity production, said the country has the absolute advantage of this product. Absolute advantage can be measured by labor productivity or production cost. If a country produces a unit of product inputs required less labor input, or the unit of labor was more productive, is that the country has an absolute advantage in the production of this product. Smiths absolute advantage theory of international trade and international division of labor and the reason is based on the absolute difference between countries in labor productivity and production cost. All countries should produce and export its labor productivity and production cost of absolute advantage products, imports of its products has an absolute advantage. Trade will both benefit from the transaction. Theoretical analysis of the absolute superiority of the graphics Three, the theory of absolute advantage In section second the theory of comparative advantage One, the historical background of the theory of comparative advantage L Ricardo is the era of rapid development of the British Industrial Revolution era, when the main contradictions of British society is the contradiction between industrial bourgeoisie and the landlord of the aristocracy, in the economy, the contradiction between the focus on the abolition of the corn laws. L Ricardo said to repeal the cereal law the implementation of free trade, and theoretically proved. In 1846, the British Parliament passed the abolition of cereal law law. The main contents of the two, the theory of comparative advantage (a) the basic proposition of Ricardo model 1. production cost