两个自学指南的新概念.docVIP

Lesson 11—One good turn deserves another I was having dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony worked in a lawyers office years ago, but he is now working at a bank. He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. Tony? saw me and came and sat at the same table. He has never borrowed money from me. While he was eating, I asked him to lend me 20. To my surprise, he gave me the money immediately. I have never borrowed any money from you, Tony said,so now you can pay for my dinner! 我正在一家饭馆吃饭，托尼.斯蒂尔走了进来。托尼曾在一家律师事务所工作，而现在正在一家银行上班，他的薪水很高，但他却总是向朋友借钱，并且从来不还。托尼看见了我，就走过来和我坐到一张桌子前。他从未向我借过钱，但他吃饭时，我提出向他借20英镑。令我惊奇的是，他立刻把钱给了我。“我还未向你借过钱。”托尼说道，“所以现在你可以替我付饭钱了！” 自学导读　　1．One good turn deserves another,（标题）礼尚往来。　　（1）名词turn的含义之一是“（帮助或损害他人的）举动”、“行为”：　　Yesterday George did me a good/ an ill turn.　　乔治昨天做了一件对我有利／不利的事。　　He is always ready to do a turn for others.　　他总是乐于为他人做好事。　　（2）deserve的意义为“应受”、“应得（奖赏、惩罚等）”、“值得”，通常为及物动词：　　His words deserve attention.　　他的话值得注意。　　Mary deserves the prize.　　玛丽应得这个奖。　　2．He gets a good salary…他的薪水很高……　　good在这里的意思是“相当大／多的”、“相当可观的”：　　It takes me a good three hours to get there.　　我花了整整3小时才到达那里。　　3．…but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. ……但他却总是向朋友借钱，并且从来不还。　　（1）连词and在这句话中可解释为“并且”、“另外”(in addition)。　　（2）pay在这里的意思是“偿还（债务等）”。　　pay还可以解释为“付”、“支付（价款、账单等）”，如课文的最后一句话：　　…so now you can pay for my dinner!　　……所以现在你可以替我付饭钱了！　　pay 既是及物动词也可以是不及物动词：　　How much did you pay for that dress?　　那件衣服你花了多少钱？　　I paid the bill.　　我付了账。 　　 语法 Grammar in use　　1．在前10课的语法中，我们比较了一般过去时、一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时和过去进行时等时态以及和它们相关的时间状语，另外还学习了被动语态。现在我们通过例句简要回顾一下所学过的内容：　　2．动词+名词／代词+ 带to 的不定式　　某些动词之后的带to的不定式之前可以有一个名词或代词。有些动词后的名词／代词可有可无，但有和没有经常影响整个句子的意义：　　I want to speak to John.　　我想和约翰谈话。(=I will speak.)　　I want you to speak to John.　　我希望你和约翰谈谈。(=You will speak.)　　但是，还有一些动词后面用不定式作宾语时，其后通常必须有一名词或代词。这类动词有：allow, advise, help, teach, tell, request等等。这类动词不但可用于主动语态，也可用于被动语态：　　Mr. Turner did not a