圣经寺建筑形制及壁画艺术分析.doc

辽北藏式佛庙圣经寺建筑形制及壁画艺术 汝军红 （沈阳建筑大学建筑与规划学院，辽宁沈阳，110168） 摘要：论文详尽考述了圣经寺的始建时间、创建人及其盛衰过程，通过对藏传佛教寺庙的整体布局和内部空间组织的分析,阐述了圣经寺建筑形制特征与它所折现出的独特宗教文化,以期对东部藏传佛教寺庙建筑研究提供一些有益的探讨。 关键词:东部蒙古;藏传佛教;圣经寺 The Tibetan Buddhist Temple of Northern Liaoning Bible Temple system and Mural Art Ru Junhong (Shenyang Jianzhu university , in Shenyang, Liaoning province, 110168) Abstract: this paper detailed on the built time, founder of the temple and its process of ups and downs, through to the overall layout and the analysis of the internal space organization of Tibetan Buddhist temple, this paper expounds the bible temple architectural form characteristics and it shows the unique religious culture, expect provides some beneficial discussion to the eastern Tibetan Buddhism temple architecture research. Key words: The eastern Mongolia; Tibetan Buddhism; The bible temple 前言 藏式建筑按功能主要有宫殿建筑、寺庙建筑、城堡建筑、庄园建筑和民居建筑以及园林建筑等种类，寺庙建筑主要有集会大殿、佛堂、护法神殿、辨经场和僧舍等类型。藏式建筑的结构形式主要有夯土建筑、石砌建筑、木构建筑等。 Foreword According to the function, Tibetan architecture mainly have palace buildings, temples, castle, manor buildings and residential buildings and landscape architecture and other types, temple architecture mainly include assembly hall, family hall for worshipping the Buddha, discussing the Buddhist scriptures field and the residence of monk, etc. The structure of Tibetan architecture mainly has rammed earth construction, stone building, wooden structure, etc. 藏式寺庙建筑的历史可以追溯到第八代甲赤赞布时期。据文献记载：甲赤赞布居住在“雍布拉卡尔”宫堡，当时是佛教传入西藏的初期，把从印度传来的佛经和法器供奉在最高处的殿堂里，以示尊重，这应是藏式寺庙内部空间格局的雏形。 The history of the Tibetan temple building is very long. The initial stage of Buddhism in Tibet, in order to show respect, put the Buddhist scriptures and multiplier which come from India on the top of the temple, this is the prototype of Tibetan temple internal spatial pattern. 755年赤松德赞继位，藏王十分崇敬佛教，派专使去印度，迎请静海法师和莲花大师，全力扶持佛教、大兴土木、创建寺庙。在这一时期建造的桑耶寺中，创造出以大殿（象征须尼山）为中心，其他殿堂（象征四大州和八小州）围绕中心的平面布局形式。这不仅是西藏历史上第一座寺庙,而且它独特的创意、优美的造型、庞大的规模都达到了寺庙建筑的最高境界。In the year of 775, the new Ti