清远地区0~3岁婴幼儿下呼吸道感染病原学检测及耐药性临床研究.doc

清远地区0~3岁婴幼儿下呼吸道感染病原学检测及耐药性临床研究[摘要] 目的 分析清远地区0～3岁婴幼儿下呼吸道感染病原学检测及耐药性，为临床合理用药提供指导。 方法 选择2011年2～12月清远市妇幼保健院因婴幼儿下呼吸道感染性疾病住院的患儿1 000例，于使用抗菌药物前，患儿常规用0.9％氯化钠溶液漱口清洁口腔，用电动机吸取痰标本不少于2 mL送细菌培养，同时对培养的菌株进行药敏试验，观察感染的主要细菌及耐药性。 结果 本组1 000例下呼吸道感染患儿中分离出446株致病菌，阳性率为44.6%。其中阳性菌168例，占37.7%；阴性菌237例，占53.1%；真菌41例，占9.2%。所有细菌均对氨苄西林耐药，对亚胺培南与头孢哌酮/舒巴坦钠具有较高的敏感性。 结论 清远地区0～3岁婴幼儿下呼吸道感染以大肠埃希菌为主，且对常用的抗生素耐药性偏高，临床应选择敏感性高的抗生素，以提高治疗效果。 [关键词] 下呼吸道感染；病原学检测；耐药性；婴幼儿 [中图分类号] R446.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2012）06（a）-0096-02 Clinical analysis for etiology detection and drug resistance of lower respiratory tract infection of 0 - 3 years old infant at Qingyuan area DAI Hongfa Pediatrics Department, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Qingyuan City in Guangdong Province, Qingyuan 511500,China [Abstract] Objective To analyze the etiology detection and drug resistance of lower respiratory tract infection of 0-3 years old infant at Qingyuan area, and provide guidance for clinical rational drug use. Methods One thousand children patients with lower respiratory tract infection in maternity and child care centers of Qingyuan city were chosen during February to December 2011 as the research object, before using antibacterial drugs, the children patients were gargled with saline water to clean mouth conventionally, drained sputum samples no less than 2 mL by electric sucking phlegm machine, and then sent it for germiculture, tested the drug sensitive of the cultivated bacterial strain, observed the main bacteria infection and antibiotic resistance. Results Four hundred and forty six strains of pathogenic bacteria were separated out between the 1 000 children patients, the positive rate was 44.6%, there were 168 cases positive fungus, the proportion was 37.7%; there were 237 cases bacterium of negative, the proportion was 53.1%; there were 41 cases fungi, the proportion was 9.2%. All bacteria were resistant to ampicillin, and had high sensitive nature to imipenem and cefoperazone/sulbactam. Conclusion The l